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The history of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898 is known as the Spanish colonial period, during which the Philippine Islands were ruled as the Captaincy General of the Philippines within the Spanish East Indies, initially under the Viceroyalty of New Spain, based in Mexico City, until the independence of the Mexican Empire from Spain in 1821.
The Ilustrados (Spanish: [ilusˈtɾaðos], "erudite", [1] "learned" [2] or "enlightened ones" [3]) constituted the Filipino intelligentsia (educated class) during the Spanish colonial period in the late 19th century. [4] [5] Elsewhere in New Spain (of which the Philippines were part), the term gente de razón carried a similar meaning.
Spanish scholars sought to understand the decline of the Spanish empire from its earlier glory days, with the aim of reclaiming its former prestige. [2] In Spanish America, the Enlightenment also had an impact in the intellectual and scientific sphere, with elite American-born Spanish men involved in these projects. [3]
This movement was supported by the United States, who desired the Philippines to be an example of democracy as the Cold War reached Asia, and by the Catholic Church. [35]: 48–51 Quirino's Liberal government was widely seen as corrupt and was easily beaten by Ramon Magsaysay in the 1953 election. Magsaysay, who oversaw the surrender of the ...
José Rizal was a prominent liberal thinker whose ideas were adopted by both the national movement and American authorities. The 19th century saw the rise of liberalism in Spain, culminating in the Spanish Constitution of 1812. [1]: 163–164 This constitution even included the representation of the Philippines within the Cortes of Cádiz.
The most common languages spoken in the Philippines today are English and Filipino, the national language that is a standardised form of Tagalog. Spanish was an official language of the country until immediately after the People Power Revolution in February 1986 and the subsequent ratification of the 1987 Constitution. The new charter dropped ...
Philippines–Spain relations (Filipino: Ugnayang Pilipinas at Espanya; Spanish: Relaciones Filipinas y España) are the relations between the Philippines and Spain.The relations between the two nations span from the 16th century, the Philippines was the lone colony of the Spanish Empire in Asia for more than three centuries.
The Propaganda Movement in Europe resulted in the Spanish legislature passing some reforms for the islands, but the colonial government did not implement them. After being published from 1889 to 1895, La Solidaridad began to run out of funds, and it had not accomplished concrete changes in the Philippines.