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Gallstones formed mainly from cholesterol are termed cholesterol stones, and those formed mainly from bilirubin are termed pigment stones. [2] [3] Gallstones may be suspected based on symptoms. [4] Diagnosis is then typically confirmed by ultrasound. [2] Complications may be detected using blood tests. [2]
The physician can confirm the diagnosis of cholelithiasis with an abdominal ultrasound that shows the ultrasonic shadows of the stones in the gallbladder. Although unusual, it is possible to have a common bile duct stone despite prior cholecystectomy.
If the stone blocks the gallbladder, inflammation known as cholecystitis may result. If the stone lodges in the biliary system, jaundice may occur; if the stone blocks the pancreatic duct, pancreatitis may occur. [21] Gallstones are diagnosed using ultrasound. [20]
Gallstones are detected with a specificity and sensitivity of greater than 95% with ultrasound. [19] [page needed] Further signs on ultrasound may suggest cholecystitis or choledocholithiasis. [13] Computed Tomography (CT) is not indicated when investigating for gallbladder disease as 60% of stones are not radiopaque. [13]
The stone is impacted in the distal common bile duct. A nasobiliary tube has been inserted. Fluoroscopic image showing dilatation of the pancreatic duct during ERCP investigation. Endoscope is visible. Obstructive jaundice – This may be due to several causes Gallstones with dilated bile ducts on ultrasonography
Hepatolithiasis is the presence of gallstones in the biliary ducts of the liver. Treatment is usually surgical. It is rare in Western countries, but prevalent in East Asia. [1] The gallstones are normally found proximal to the left and right hepatic ducts. The causes of the disease are poorly understood, but it is suspected that genetics, diets ...
Certain ethnic groups are more often affected; for example, 48% of American Indians have gallstones. [4] Of all people with stones, 1–4% have biliary colic each year. [5] If untreated, about 20% of people with biliary colic develop acute cholecystitis. [5] Once the gallbladder is removed outcomes are generally good. [4]
Gallbladder diseases are diseases involving the gallbladder and is closely linked to biliary disease, with the most common cause being gallstones (cholelithiasis). [1] [2]The gallbladder is designed to aid in the digestion of fats by concentrating and storing the bile made in the liver and transferring it through the biliary tract to the digestive system through bile ducts that connect the ...