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However, the lumen output of HID lighting can deteriorate by up to 70% over 10,000 burning hours. Many modern vehicles use HID bulbs for the main lighting systems, although some applications are now moving from HID bulbs to LED and laser technology. [2]
The lamp operates by creating an electrical arc between two electrodes within the bulb that excites the pressurized mercury vapour and metal halides, and provides very high light output with greater efficiency than incandescent lighting units. The efficiency advantage is near fourfold, with approximately 85–108 lumens per watt of electricity ...
In 2012, Topanga Technologies introduced a line of advanced plasma lamps (APL), driven by a solid state radio frequency (RF) driver, [10] thereby circumventing the limited life of magnetron-based drivers, with system power of 127 and 230 volts and system efficacies of 96 and 87 lumen/watt, with a CRI of about 70.
As a result, metal-halide lamps have high luminous efficacy of around 75–100 lumens per watt, [2] which is about twice that of mercury vapor lights and 3 to 5 times that of incandescent lights [1] and produce an intense white light. Lamp life is 6,000 to 15,000 hours.
It is the ratio of luminous flux to power, measured in lumens per watt in the International System of Units (SI). Depending on context, the power can be either the radiant flux of the source's output, or it can be the total power (electric power, chemical energy, or others) consumed by the source.
This example is a 71-inch, bi-pin, 100 watt model, the most common. Inside a preheat, bi-pin tanning lamp A high-pressure tanning lamp under power Tanning lamps (sometimes called tanning bulbs in the United States or tanning tubes in Europe) are the part of a tanning bed, booth or other tanning device which produces ultraviolet light used for ...
High-pressure sodium lamps are quite efficient—about 100 lumens per watt, when measured for photopic lighting conditions. Some higher-power lamps (e.g. 600 watt) have efficacies of about 150 lumens per watt. Since the high-pressure sodium arc is extremely chemically reactive, the arc tube is typically made of translucent aluminum oxide.
HID headlamps produce between 2,800 and 3,500 lumens from between 35 and 38 watts of electrical power, while halogen filament headlamp bulbs produce between 700 and 2,100 lumens from between 40 and 72 watts at 12.8 V. [93] [105] [106] Current-production bulb categories are D1S, D1R, D2S, D2R, D3S, D3R, D4S, and D4R.