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Dumas was born in Alès (), and became an apprentice to an apothecary in his native town. [3] In 1816, he moved to Geneva, where he attended lectures by M. A. Pictet in physics, C. G. de la Rive in chemistry, and A. P. de Candolle in botany, and before he had reached his majority, he was engaged with Pierre Prévost in original work on problems of physiological chemistry and embryology. [4]
In 1834, French chemist Jean-Baptiste Dumas determined chloroform's empirical formula and named it: [26] "Es scheint mir also erweisen, dass die von mir analysirte Substanz, … zur Formel hat: C 2 H 2 Cl 6." (Thus it seems to me to show that the substance I analyzed … has as [its empirical] formula: C 2 H 2 Cl 6.). [Note: The coefficients of ...
Jean-Baptiste Dumas used the terms "physical atoms" and "chemical atoms"; a "physical atom" was a particle that cannot be divided by physical means such as temperature and pressure, and a "chemical atom" was a particle that could not be divided by chemical reactions. [27]
It was introduced as early as 1835 by French chemists Jean-Baptiste Dumas and Eugene Peligot after determining methanol's chemical structure. They coined it the Greek μέθυ ( methy ) "wine" and ὕλη ( hȳlē ) "wood, patch of trees" (even though the correct Greek word for the substance "wood" is xylo- ) with the intention of highlighting ...
Chloromethane (originally called "chlorohydrate of methylene") was among the earliest organochlorine compounds to be discovered when it was synthesized by French chemists Jean-Baptiste Dumas and Eugène-Melchior Péligot in 1835 by boiling a mixture of methanol, sulfuric acid, and sodium chloride. [15]
The Dumas method of molecular weight determination was historically a procedure used to determine the molecular weight of an unknown volatile substance. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The method was designed by the French chemist Jean Baptiste André Dumas , after whom the procedure is now named.
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The year 1873, by many accounts, was a seminal point in the history of the development of the concept of the "molecule". In this year, the renowned Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell published his famous thirteen page article 'Molecules' in the September issue of Nature. [15] In the opening section to this article, Maxwell clearly states: