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Oblique view of Fra Mauro taken from lunar orbit on the Apollo 12 mission. The Fra Mauro formation (or Fra Mauro Highlands) is a formation on the near side of Earth's Moon that served as the landing site for the American Apollo 14 mission in 1971. It is named after the 80-kilometer-diameter crater Fra Mauro, located within it.
The Apollo 12 Lunar Module landed near Surveyor 3 on November 19, 1969. Astronauts Conrad and Bean examined the spacecraft, and they brought back about 22 pounds (10 kg) of parts of the Surveyor to the Earth, including its TV camera, which is now on permanent display in the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C.
The Lunar Surface Magnetometer (LSM) was a lunar science experiment with the aim of providing insights into the interior of the Moon and how its latent magnetic field interacts with the solar wind. It was deployed on the Moon as part of Apollo 12 , Apollo 14 and Apollo 16 missions.
The first was achieved when the Lunar Module, Intrepid, touched down within sight of Surveyor 3 which had landed on the Moon over 2 years previously. Whereas the Apollo 11 crew only had up to 150 minutes during their single EVA, the Apollo 12 crew more than tripled that amount over two Moonwalks, which included a visit to the Surveyor craft.
Fra Mauro is the worn remnant of a walled lunar plain. It is part of the surrounding Fra Mauro formation , being located to the northeast of Mare Cognitum and southeast of Mare Insularum . Attached to the southern rim are the co-joined craters Bonpland and Parry , which intrude into the formation forming inward-bulging walls.
The civil lunisolar calendar had years consisting of 12 lunar months, each beginning when a new crescent moon was first sighted low on the western horizon at sunset, plus an intercalary month inserted as needed, at first by decree and then later systematically according to what is now known as the Metonic cycle.
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An ecclesiastical new moon is the first day of a lunar month (an ecclesiastical moon) in an ecclesiastical lunar calendar. Such months have a whole number of days, 29 or 30, whereas true synodic months can vary from about 29.27 to 29.83 days in length. Medieval authors equated the ecclesiastical new moon with a new crescent moon, but it is not ...