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The Act on Ensuring Equal Opportunities for and Treatment of Men and Women in Employment (Japanese: 雇用の分野における男女の均等な機会及び待遇の確保等に関する法律), commonly known as the Equal Employment Opportunity Law (Japanese: 男女雇用機会均等法), is a Japanese labor law, passed in May 1985 and implemented in April 1986, [1] designed to implement an ...
Women's spousal economic dependency on men has decreased due to the change in housewife expectations. Japan aims to put more women into the labor force as a strategy to increase the output of Japan's economic growth and improvement in women's income too. Parental Leave/ Child Care Leave Law (1992) [28]
In fact, studies by OECD show that more than 70% [67] of Japanese women quit their jobs or stops working for more than a decade and do not come back after giving birth to their first child, whilst it is about 30% [67] in the US. Japanese women tend to choose between work, or family and the majority of them decide on the family over their careers.
Women in Japan were recognized as having equal legal rights to men after World War II. Japanese women first gained the right to vote in 1880, but this was a temporary event limited to certain municipalities, [5] [6] and it was not until 1945 that women gained the right to vote on a permanent, nationwide basis. [7]
Nevertheless, most women in Japan still have one or two children and devote enormous amounts of time and energy into raising them. [10] Citizenship is notably guarded: a child born in Japan does not receive Japanese nationality if both parents are non-Japanese, or if a Japanese father denies paternity of a child born to a non-Japanese woman. [7]
Men do very little housework in Japan, and this is part of the gendered labor division. [44] The Japanese prioritization of seniority hurts the women who want to have children first, as promotions will be awarded much later in life. The number of women in upper-level positions (managers, CEOs, and politicians, and the like) is rather low.
In Japan, Labor Standards Act (Act No. 49 of 1947) [17] provides that an employer must provide an expectant mother worker with maternity leave for 6 weeks (14 weeks for multiple pregnancy beyond twins) before her child birth and 8 weeks after the child birth. Article 9 of Equal Employment Opportunity Act between Men and Women (Act No. 113 of ...
Karōshi and reforms on labour policy in Japan were further brought into urgent attention following the suicide of 24-year-old Matsuri Takahashi on Christmas Day in 2015. [12] Takahashi was an employee at Dentsu , Japan's leading advertising agency, [ 13 ] and worked more than 100 hours overtime in the months prior to her death [ 14 ] —her ...