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  2. Hard disk drive failure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk_drive_failure

    A hard disk drive failure occurs when a hard disk drive malfunctions and the stored information cannot be accessed with a properly configured computer. A hard disk failure may occur in the course of normal operation, or due to an external factor such as exposure to fire or water or high magnetic fields , or suffering a sharp impact or ...

  3. File system fragmentation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_system_fragmentation

    [b] The file system could defragment the disk immediately after a deletion, but doing so would incur a severe performance penalty at unpredictable times. Now, a new file called F, which requires seven blocks of space, can be placed into the first seven blocks of the newly freed space formerly holding the file B, and the three blocks following ...

  4. Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-Monitoring,_Analysis...

    The disk drives would measure the disk's "health parameters", and the values would be transferred to the operating system and user-space monitoring software. Each disk drive vendor was free to decide which parameters were to be included for monitoring, and what their thresholds should be. The unification was at the protocol level with the host.

  5. Data corruption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_corruption

    Data scrubbing is another method to reduce the likelihood of data corruption, as disk errors are caught and recovered from before multiple errors accumulate and overwhelm the number of parity bits. Instead of parity being checked on each read, the parity is checked during a regular scan of the disk, often done as a low priority background process.

  6. Defragmentation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defragmentation

    Updates are a common cause of this, because in order to update a file, most updaters usually delete the old file first, and then write a new, updated one in its place. However, most filesystems do not write the new file in the same physical place on the disk. This allows unrelated files to fill in the empty spaces left behind.

  7. 2024 CrowdStrike-related IT outages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_CrowdStrike-related...

    On 19 July at 04:09 UTC, CrowdStrike distributed a faulty configuration update for its Falcon sensor software running on Windows PCs and servers. A modification to a configuration file which was responsible for screening named pipes, Channel File 291, caused an out-of-bounds memory read [14] in the Windows sensor client that resulted in an invalid page fault.

  8. Windows Error Reporting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Error_Reporting

    The Problem Reports and Solutions Control Panel applet was replaced by the Maintenance section of the Action Center on Windows 7 and Server 2008 R2.. A new app, Problem Steps Recorder (PSR.exe), is available on all builds of Windows 7 and enables the collection of the actions performed by a user while encountering a crash so that testers and developers can reproduce the situation for analysis ...

  9. Disk quota - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_quota

    A disk quota is a limit set by a system administrator that restricts certain aspects of file system usage on modern operating systems. The function of using disk quotas is to allocate limited disk space in a reasonable way.