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The history of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898 is known as the Spanish colonial period, during which the Philippine Islands were ruled as the Captaincy General of the Philippines within the Spanish East Indies, initially under the Viceroyalty of New Spain, based in Mexico City, until the independence of the Mexican Empire from Spain in 1821.
On October 11, 1945, the Philippines became one of the founding members of the United Nations. [134] [135] On July 4, 1946, the Philippines was officially recognized by the United States as an independent nation through the Treaty of Manila between the governments of the United States and the Philippine islands, during the presidency of Manuel ...
The sovereignty of the Philippines refers to the status of the Philippines as an independent nation. This article covers sovereignty transitions relating to the Philippines, with particular emphasis on the passing of sovereignty from Spain to the United States in the Treaty of Paris (1898), signed on December 10, 1898, to end the Spanish–American War.
Based on the tribute counts, the total founding population of Spanish-Philippines was 667,612 people, [241] of which: 20,000 were Chinese migrant traders, [242] 15,600 were Latino soldier-colonists sent from Peru and Mexico (In the 1600s), [243] Immigrants included 3,000 Japanese residents, [244] and 600 pure Spaniards from Europe. [245]
Fish, Shirley (2003), When Britain ruled the Philippines, 1762-1764: the story of the 18th century British invasion of the Philippines during the Seven Years War, 1stBooks Library, ISBN 978-1-4107-1069-7; Draper, James (2006). Pitt's 'Gallant Conqueror': The Turbulent Life of Lieutenant General William Draper. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 9781845111779.
In the Treaty of Paris of 1898 that ended the war with Spain, the United States gained the Philippines and other territories. No country recognised the self-proclaimed republic. Washington sent in the military to control the islands, in the Philippine–American War, which ended when the rebel leadership was captured.
In the Philippines, a genetic study by the National Geographic, shows that about 5% of the ancestry of Filipinos comes from Southern Europe (mostly Spanish) that had arrived during the Spanish colonisation of the archipelago. Additionally, an estimated 250,000 Filipino Amerasians descend from American servicemen stationed in the country.
When Rizal left for Europe on May 3, 1882, Rivera was 16 years old. Their correspondence began after Rizal left a poem for her. [35] Their correspondence helped Rizal stay focused on his studies in Europe. They employed codes in their letters because Rivera's mother did not favor Rizal.