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The Grand Trunk Railway of Canada linked Toronto and Montreal in 1853. Lines to Portland in Maine (which was ice-free), Michigan and Chicago, were subsequently opened. By 1870 it was the longest railway in the world. The Intercolonial Railway, finished in 1876, linked the Maritimes to Quebec and Ontario, tying them to the new Confederation. [17]
The Catholic Origins of Quebec's Quiet Revolution, 1931–1970 (2008). LeMay. Joseph. "Impact of the Quiet Revolution: the business environment of smaller cities and regions of Quebec 1960-2000." Quebec Studies, vol. 34, 2002, pp. 19–30. online; Linteau, Paul-Andre, Rene Durocher, and Jean-Claude Robert, Quebec Since 1930 (1991) excerpt
With a population of 115,000, Montreal was the largest city, followed by Toronto and Quebec at about 60,000. Pigs roamed the muddy streets of Ottawa, the small new national capital. Besides subsistence agriculture, the economy was based on exports of lumber, fish and grain, and the import of investment capital from London and New York.
By 1911, the population was over 528,000. The City of Montreal annexed many neighbouring communities, expanding its territory fivefold between 1876 and 1918. [99] As Montreal was the financial center of Canada during this era, it was the first Canadian city to implement new innovations, like electricity, [100] streetcars [101] and radio. [102]
Any bank which did so could then act at the government's banker and its notes were deemed to be government notes. Only the Bank of Montreal did so, enabling it to act as the government's note issuer. It resumed issuing its own notes five years later. [50] The initial issue was based on Bank of Montreal notes, over-printed with "Province of Canada".
The final accord is signed 11 November 1975 by Canada, Quebec, Hydro-Quebec and the Cree of Quebec. The treaty becomes enshrined in the 1982 Canadian Constitution. [118] 1980: 20 May: A referendum on Quebec independence is held, resulting in a majority (59.56%) of the province voting to remain in Canada. [119] 1981
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Toronto, ON 2009 Distribution of King's Presents, 17th–19th centuries 17th–19th centuries Quebec 2011 Food and Agriculture Organization 1945 Quebec, QC 1955 Defence of York: 1813 Toronto, ON 1924 Prince Edward Island Land Question 1767–1866 Charlottetown, PE 1988 Sisters of Providence: 1843 (founded) Montreal, QC 1988 First Cheese Factory ...