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Cardiac activity is visible beginning at approximately 5 weeks of pregnancy. The human heart begins beating at a rate near the mother's, about 75-80 beats per minute (BPM). The embryonic heart rate (EHR) then accelerates linearly for the first month of beating, peaking at 165-185 BPM during the early 7th week, (early 9th week after the LMP).
The heart's electrical activity is then measured. [51] Natural electrical impulses help maintain blood flowing properly by coordinating contractions in different areas of the heart. [51] These impulses are recorded by an ECG, which shows how fast, the rhythm, intensity and timing of the electrical impulses as they travel through the heart. [51]
Gestational age: 8 weeks and 0 days until 8 weeks and 6 days old. 57–63 days from last menstruation. Embryonic age: Week nr 7. 6 weeks old. 43–49 days from fertilization. The embryo measures 18 mm (3 ⁄ 4 in) in length. Fetal heart tone (the sound of the heart beat) can be heard using doppler. Nipples and hair follicles begin to form.
The heart rate increases, but generally not above 100 beats/ minute. Total systematic vascular resistance decreases by 20% secondary to the vasodilatory effect of progesterone. Overall, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure drops 10–15 mm Hg in the first trimester and then returns to baseline in the second half of pregnancy. [6]
The blood pressure in the fetal aorta is approximately 30 mmHg at 20 weeks of gestation, and increases to ca 45 mmHg at 40 weeks of gestation. [16] The fetal pulse pressure is ca 20 mmHg at 20 weeks of gestation, increasing to ca 30 mmHg at 40 weeks of gestation. [16] The blood pressure decreases when passing through the placenta.
The most common NSAID used is Indomethacin, which is usually administered in the first week after birth. [4] However, in the presence of a congenital defect with impaired lung perfusion (e.g. Pulmonary stenosis and left-to-right shunt through the ductus), it may be advisable to improve oxygenation by maintaining the ductus open with ...
The heart rate of the newborn should be between 110 and 160 beats per minute and it is common for the heart rate to be irregular in the first few hours following birth. The heart sounds will have a variation in pitch, duration, and intensity than that of an adult. Blood pressure readings should range from 60 to 80 mm Hg systolic and 40–50 mm ...
The head is directed to the right in the image. The heart is discerned in the center of the embryo. A hand is visible slightly above. Even before the fetal stage begins, a six-week-old human embryo can arch its back and neck. [6] By seven weeks, movement in the arms and legs can be detected by ultrasound. [6]