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Ü (lowercase ü) is a Latin script character composed of the letter U and the diaeresis diacritical mark. In some alphabets such as those of a number of Romance languages or Guarani it denotes an instance of regular U to be construed in isolation from adjacent characters with which it would usually form a larger unit; other alphabets like the Azerbaijani, Estonian, German, Hungarian and ...
Vowels pronounced with the tongue lowered are at the bottom, and vowels pronounced with the tongue raised are at the top. For example, [ɑ] (the first vowel in father) is at the bottom because the tongue is lowered in this position. [i] (the vowel in "meet") is at the top because the sound is said with the tongue raised to the roof of the mouth.
The following is the chart of the International Phonetic Alphabet, a standardized system of phonetic symbols devised and maintained by the International Phonetic Association.
Bottom half O Ꞷ ꞷ Omega ɷ 𐞤 Closed omega Obsolete IPA /ʊ/ Obsolete IPA near-close near-back rounded vowel alternative symbol used until 1989; Superscript form is an IPA superscript letter [7] Ȣ ȣ: Ou Ligature of Latin o and u ᴕ ᴽ: Small capital Ou FUT [2] a back vowel of uncertain quality: ᴘ: Small capital P ꟼ Epigraphic ...
Umlaut (/ ˈ ʊ m l aʊ t /) is a name for the two dots diacritical mark ( ̈) as used to indicate in writing (as part of the letters ä , ö , and ü ) the result of the historical sound shift due to which former back vowels are now pronounced as front vowels (for example , , and as , , and ).
Compound diacritics are possible, for example U+01DA ǚ LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS AND CARON, used as a tonal marks for Hanyu Pinyin, which uses both a two dots diacritic with a caron diacritic. Conversely, when the letter to be accented is an i , the diacritic replaces the tittle, thus: ï .
commonly accented letters: â, ê, î, ô, û, ŵ, ŷ, although acute (´), grave (`), and dieresis (¨) accents can hypothetically occur on all vowels; word endings: -ion, -au, -wr, -wyr; y is the most common letter in the language; w between consonants (w in fact represents a vowel in the Welsh language)
The following tables indicates the Unicode code point sequences for phonemes as used in the International Phonetic Alphabet.A bold code point indicates that the Unicode chart provides an application note such as "voiced retroflex lateral" for U+026D ɭ LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH RETROFLEX HOOK.