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Freckles are not a skin disorder, but people with freckles generally have a lower concentration of photo-protective melanin, and are therefore more susceptible to the harmful effects of UV radiation. It is suggested that people whose skin tends to freckle should avoid overexposure to sun and use sunscreen. [3] [4]
They are caused by a collection of pigment-producing melanocytes in the epidermis of the skin. [2] These spots are typically permanent and may grow or increase in number over time. [3] Café au lait spots are often harmless but may be associated with syndromes such as neurofibromatosis type 1 and McCune–Albright syndrome. [3]
There are a wide range of depigmenting treatments used for hyperpigmentation conditions, and responses to most are variable. [11]Most often treatment of hyperpigmentation caused by melanin overproduction (such as melasma, acne scarring, liver spots) includes the use of topical depigmenting agents, which vary in their efficacy and safety, as well as in prescription rules.
Sometimes the skin is wrinkled, inflamed or freckled, like Hockaday's. Everyone's course of treatment is different. For Hockaday, it included 16 weeks of chemotherapy, followed by a double mastectomy.
Congenital melanocytic nevus is a type of melanocytic nevus, the medical term for what is colloquially called a "mole", found in infants at birth. Occurring in about 1% of infants in the United States, it is located in the area of the head and neck 15% of the time, but may occur anywhere on the body. It may appear as light brown in fair-skinned ...
Fashion prints from the late seventeenth century show women with an increasing number of beauty marks in a variety of sizes and shapes, placed on the cheeks, chins, and forehead. Besides their decorative value, the patches could hide smallpox scars or syphilis sores, as well as acne. [ 5 ]
The known influence of sunlight on freckles (spots of melanin on the skin, distinct from moles) Studies have found that sunburns and excessive sun exposure can increase risk factors for melanoma. This is in addition to the higher risk already faced by individuals with dysplastic nevi (the uncertainty is in regards to acquiring benign moles).
UVB can cause the formation of freckles and dark spots, both of which are symptoms of photoaging; these are most common in people with fair or light skin. [7] With frequent long-term exposure to UVB rays, signs of photoaging might appear and precancerous lesions or skin cancer may develop. [4]