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The radiation from pulsars passes through the interstellar medium (ISM) before reaching Earth. Free electrons in the warm (8000 K), ionized component of the ISM and H II regions affect the radiation in two primary ways. The resulting changes to the pulsar's radiation provide an important probe of the ISM itself. [60]
PSR B1919+21 is a pulsar with a period of 1.3373 seconds [4] and a pulse width of 0.04 seconds. Discovered by Jocelyn Bell Burnell on 28 November 1967, it is the first discovered radio pulsar. [ 5 ] The power and regularity of the signals were briefly thought to resemble an extraterrestrial beacon , leading the source to be nicknamed LGM ...
An X-ray pulsar is a type of binary star system consisting of a typical star (stellar companion) in orbit around a magnetized neutron star.The magnetic field strength at the surface of the neutron star is typically about 10 8 Tesla, over a trillion times stronger than the strength of the magnetic field measured at the surface of the Earth (60 μT).
Neutron stars can be classified as pulsars if they are magnetized, if they rotate, and if they emit beams of electromagnetic radiation out of their magnetic poles. [4] They may include soft gamma repeaters (SGR) and radio-quiet neutron stars , as well as pulsars such as radio pulsars , recycled pulsars , low mass X-ray pulsars, and accretion ...
In addition to a double pulsar system, a whole range of differing two-body systems are known where only one member of the system is a pulsar. Known examples are variations on a binary star : A pulsar–white dwarf system; e.g, PSR B1620−26. A pulsar–neutron star system, e.g, PSR B1913+16.
PSR J0952–0607 is a massive millisecond pulsar in a binary system, located between 3,200–5,700 light-years (970–1,740 pc) from Earth in the constellation Sextans. [6] It holds the record for being the most massive neutron star known as of 2022, with a mass 2.35 ± 0.17 times that of the Sun—potentially close to the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff mass upper limit for neutron stars.
M82 X-2 is an X-ray pulsar located in the galaxy Messier 82, approximately 12 million light-years from Earth. [2] It is exceptionally luminous, radiating energy equivalent to approximately ten million Suns. This object is part of a binary system: If the pulsar is of an average size, 1.4 M ☉, then its companion is at least 5.2 M ☉. [3]
PSR J1719−1438 is a pulsar some 4,000 light-years (1,200 parsecs) away from Earth in the Serpens Cauda constellation, approximately one minute from the border with Ophiuchus. The pulsar completes more than 10,000 rotations a minute. It is approximately 12 miles (19 kilometers) across but with 1.4 solar masses. [3]