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NOBS is the main bleach activator used in the U.S.A. and Japan. [4] Compared to TAED , which is the predominant bleach activator used in Europe, NOBS is efficient at much lower temperatures. At 20 °C NOBS is 100 times more soluble than TAED in water. [ 5 ]
The N-terminal acts as an allosteric regulator of C-terminal; the C-terminal is the only one involved in the catalytic activity. HK-I is regulated by the concentration of G6P, where G6P acts as a feedback inhibitor. At low G6P concentration, HK-I is activated; at high G6P concentration, the HK-I is inhibited. [1]
On the category of oxidative addition, M. L. H. Green in 1970 reported on the photochemical insertion of tungsten (as a Cp 2 WH 2 complex) in a benzene C–H bond [7] and George M. Whitesides in 1979 was the first to carry out an intramolecular aliphatic C–H activation [8] Fujiwara's palladium- and copper-catalyzed C-H functionalization
H 2 O 2 ⇌ H + + HO 2 −. The perhydroxyl anion then attacks the activator, forming a peroxy acid: HO 2 − + RC(O)X → X − + RC(O)O 2 H. The overall reaction of TAED (1) with 2 equivalents of hydrogen peroxide gives diacetylethylenediamine (2) and 2 equivalents of peracetic acid (3):
A simplified reaction mechanism for N-acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS). Two mechanisms for N-acetyltransferase function have been proposed: a two-step, ping-pong mechanism involving transfer of the relevant acetyl group to an activated cysteine residue [10] and a one-step mechanism through direct attack of the amino nitrogen on the carbonyl group. [11]
The use of activation and coactivation allows for greater control over when, where and how much of a protein is produced. [1] [7] [16] This enables each cell to be able to quickly respond to environmental or physiological changes and helps to mitigate any damage that may occur if it were otherwise unregulated. [1] [7]
A transcriptional activator is a protein (transcription factor) that increases transcription of a gene or set of genes. [1] Activators are considered to have positive control over gene expression, as they function to promote gene transcription and, in some cases, are required for the transcription of genes to occur.
Alteplase, sold under the brand name Activase among others, is a biosynthetic form of human tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). It is a thrombolytic medication used to treat acute ischemic stroke, acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (a type of heart attack), pulmonary embolism associated with low blood pressure, and blocked central venous catheter. [5]