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Carbonate rocks are a class of sedimentary rocks composed primarily of carbonate minerals. The two major types are limestone, which is composed of calcite or aragonite (different crystal forms of CaCO 3), and dolomite rock (also known as dolostone), which is composed of mineral dolomite (CaMg (CO 3) 2). They are usually classified based on ...
A carbonate is a salt of carbonic acid, H2CO3, [ 2 ] characterized by the presence of the carbonate ion, a polyatomic ion with the formula CO2−3. The word "carbonate" may also refer to a carbonate ester, an organic compound containing the carbonate groupO=C (−O−)2.
Nickel–Strunz classification -05- carbonates. Hanksite, Na 22 K (SO 4) 9 (CO 3) 2 Cl, one of the few minerals that is considered a carbonate and a sulfate. Photomicrographs of a thin section containing carbonate vein in mica rich rock. In cross-polarized light on left, plane-polarized light on right.
Aragonite is a carbonate mineral and one of the three most common naturally occurring crystal forms of calcium carbonate (Ca CO 3), the others being calcite and vaterite. It is formed by biological and physical processes, including precipitation from marine and freshwater environments. Aragonite crystal structure.
Calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3). It is a very common mineral, particularly as a component of limestone. Calcite defines hardness 3 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, based on scratch hardness comparison. Large calcite crystals are used in optical equipment, and limestone composed ...
Carbonatite (/ kɑːrˈbɒnəˌtaɪt /) is a type of intrusive or extrusive igneous rock defined by mineralogic composition consisting of greater than 50% carbonate minerals. [1] Carbonatites may be confused with marble and may require geochemical verification. Carbonatites usually occur as small plugs within zoned alkalic intrusive complexes ...
Dolomite (also known as dolomite rock, dolostone or dolomitic rock) is a sedimentary carbonate rock that contains a high percentage of the mineral dolomite, CaMg (CO 3) 2. It occurs widely, often in association with limestone and evaporites, though it is less abundant than limestone and rare in Cenozoic rock beds (beds less than about 66 ...
Azurite was known in the pre-classical ancient world. It was used in ancient Egypt as a pigment, obtained from mines in Sinai. Ancient Mesopotamian writers report the use of a special mortar and pestle for grinding it. It was also used in ancient Greece, for example on the Acropolis in Athens.