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In electronics, noise is an unwanted disturbance in an electrical signal. [1]: 5. Noise generated by electronic devices varies greatly as it is produced by several different effects. In particular, noise is inherent in physics and central to thermodynamics. Any conductor with electrical resistance will generate thermal noise inherently.
Channel noise level. In telecommunications, the term channel noise level has the following meanings: The ratio of the noise in the communication channel at any point in a transmission system to an arbitrary level chosen as a reference. [a] [b] The noise power spectral density in the frequency range of interest.
Definition. One definition of signal-to-noise ratio is the ratio of the power of a signal (meaningful input) to the power of background noise (meaningless or unwanted input): where P is average power. Both signal and noise power must be measured at the same or equivalent points in a system, and within the same system bandwidth.
Channel capacity is additive over independent channels. [4] It means that using two independent channels in a combined manner provides the same theoretical capacity as using them independently. More formally, let and be two independent channels modelled as above; having an input alphabet and an output alphabet .
Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) is a basic noise model used in information theory to mimic the effect of many random processes that occur in nature. The modifiers denote specific characteristics: Additive because it is added to any noise that might be intrinsic to the information system. White refers to the idea that it has uniform power ...
In wireless communications, channel state information (CSI) is the known channel properties of a communication link. This information describes how a signal propagates from the transmitter to the receiver and represents the combined effect of, for example, scattering, fading, and power decay with distance.
Noise (signal processing) In signal processing, noise is a general term for unwanted (and, in general, unknown) modifications that a signal may suffer during capture, storage, transmission, processing, or conversion. [1] Sometimes the word is also used to mean signals that are random (unpredictable) and carry no useful information; even if they ...
Signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio. In information theory and telecommunication engineering, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR[1]) (also known as the signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio (SNIR) [2]) is a quantity used to give theoretical upper bounds on channel capacity (or the rate of information transfer) in wireless ...