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The naming of individual Cs using the Helmholtz system. Helmholtz pitch notation is a system for naming musical notes of the Western chromatic scale.Fully described and normalized by the German scientist Hermann von Helmholtz, it uses a combination of upper and lower case letters (A to G), [a] and the sub- and super-prime symbols ( ͵ ′ or ⸜ ⸝) to denote each individual note of the scale.
Frequencies of other notes are defined relative to this pitch. The written pitches for transposing instruments do not match those of non-transposing instruments. For example, a written C on a B ♭ clarinet or trumpet sounds as a non-transposing instrument's B ♭. The term "concert pitch" is used to refer to the pitch on a non-transposing ...
Musical symbols are marks and symbols in musical notation that indicate various aspects of how a piece of music is to be performed. There are symbols to communicate information about many musical elements, including pitch, duration, dynamics, or articulation of musical notes; tempo, metre, form (e.g., whether sections are repeated), and details about specific playing techniques (e.g., which ...
Scientific pitch notation is often used to specify the range of an instrument. It provides an unambiguous means of identifying a note in terms of textual notation rather than frequency, while at the same time avoiding the transposition conventions that are used in writing the music for instruments such as the clarinet and guitar. It is also ...
Scales roughly correspond to Western major, minor, and lydian scales, but are not in equal temperament. Any of the scales may be considered "standard". Koto: 13 strings 13 courses. Traditional tunings: Itsikotchu-chô: D 4 D 4 A 3 B 3 D 4 E 4 F ♯ 4 A 4 B 4 D 5 E 5 F ♯ 5 A 5. Oshiki-chô: E 4 A 3 B 3 D 4 E 3 F ♯ 3 A 3 B 3 C ♯ 4 E 4 F ...
In music, letter notation is a system of representing a set of pitches, for example, the notes of a scale, by letters. For the complete Western diatonic scale, for example, these would be the letters A-G, possibly with a trailing symbol to indicate a half-step raise (sharp, ♯) or a half-step lowering (flat, ♭). This is the most common way ...
Big Band musician Jimmy Dorsey used a clarinet outfitted with the Albert system. Albert system clarinets are still used, mainly in Belarusian, Russian, Ukrainian, Greek and Turkish folk music as well as Klezmer and Dixieland styles. Many musicians prefer the Albert system because its unkeyed tone holes make slurred notes easier to play.
The contra-alto clarinet [2] is largely a development of the 2nd half of the 20th century, although there were some precursors in the 19th century: . In 1829, Johann Heinrich Gottlieb Streitwolf [], an instrument maker in Göttingen, introduced an instrument tuned in F in the shape and fingering of a basset horn, which could be called a contrabasset horn because it played an octave lower than it.