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Marine geology or geological oceanography is the study of the history and structure of the ocean floor. It involves geophysical, geochemical, sedimentological and paleontological investigations of the ocean floor and coastal zone. Marine geology has strong ties to geophysics and to physical oceanography.
The GEBCO chart series was initiated in 1903 by an international group of geographers and oceanographers, under the leadership of Prince Albert I of Monaco.At that time there was an explosion of interest in the study of the natural world and this group recognized the importance of a set of maps describing the shape of the ocean floor.
Occupations or careers related to bathymetry include the study of oceans and rocks and minerals on the ocean floor, and the study of underwater earthquakes or volcanoes. The taking and analysis of bathymetric measurements is one of the core areas of modern hydrography , and a fundamental component in ensuring the safe transport of goods worldwide.
Oceanography (from Ancient Greek ὠκεανός (ōkeanós) 'ocean' and γραφή (graphḗ) 'writing'), also known as oceanology, sea science, ocean science, and marine science, is the scientific study of the ocean, including its physics, chemistry, biology, and geology.
Location of the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench. Oceanic trenches are long, narrow topographic depressions of the seabed.They are the deepest parts of the ocean floor, and they define one of the most important natural boundaries on the Earth's solid surface: the one between two lithospheric plates.
At the ocean-atmosphere interface, the ocean and atmosphere exchange fluxes of heat, moisture and momentum. Heat. The important heat terms at the surface are the sensible heat flux, the latent heat flux, the incoming solar radiation and the balance of long-wave radiation. In general, the tropical oceans will tend to show a net gain of heat, and ...
Floats in coastal regions are less common due to the risk of the floats being damaged by the coast or being washed ashore. A newer model for a coastal float is being developed by the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI). [10] These new floats sit on the seafloor between profiles.
Oceanographers have divided the ocean into zones based on how far light reaches. All of the light zones can be found in the oceanic zone. All of the light zones can be found in the oceanic zone. The epipelagic zone is the one closest to the surface and is the best lit.