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2. Multifaceted reflector - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multifaceted_reflector

   These lamps use a bi-pin connector for power: 12-volt MR11 bulbs usually use a GU4 base, and 12-volt MR16 bulbs usually use a GU5.3 base. The common 12-volt MR16 lamps, therefore, require a ferromagnetic or electronic transformer —sometimes misnamed as a ballast —to convert the 120- or 230-volt mains voltage to the extra-low voltage ...

3. Fluorescent-lamp formats - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescent-lamp_formats

   Fluorescent lamps in various embodiments. Since their introduction as a commercial product in 1939, many different types of fluorescent lamp have been introduced. Systematic nomenclature identifies mass-market lamps as to overall shape, power rating, length, color, and other electrical and illuminating characteristics.

4. List of automotive light bulb types - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_automotive_light...

   12V: ECE nominal luminous flux: 1,550 lm ±15% H3 1 6 V & 12 V: 55 W 24 V: 70 W PK22s USA, Japan 12V: ECE nominal luminous flux: 1,450 lm ±15% H4 2 6 V & 12 V: 60 / 55 W 24 V: 75 / 70 W P43t Japan Similar US bulb: HB2 (9003) 12V: ECE nominal luminous flux: 1,650 / 1,000 lm ±15% Available with P45t base to upgrade old headlamps designed for R2 ...

5. Bi-pin lamp base - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi-pin_lamp_base

   The suffix after the G indicates the pin spread; the G dates to the use of Glass for the original bulbs. GU usually also indicates that the lamp provides a mechanism for physical support by the luminaire: in some cases, each pin has a short section of larger diameter at the end (sometimes described as a "peg" rather than a "pin" [2]); the socket allows the bulb to lock into place by twisting ...

6. Halogen lamp - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halogen_lamp

   To reduce unintentional ultraviolet (UV) exposure, and to contain hot bulb fragments in the event of explosive bulb failure, general-purpose lamps usually have a UV-absorbing glass filter over or around the bulb. Alternatively, lamp bulbs may be doped or coated to filter out the UV radiation. With adequate filtering, a halogen lamp exposes ...

7. Incandescent light bulb - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incandescent_light_bulb

   Left to right: MR16 with GU10 base, MR16 with GU5.3 base, MR11 with GU4 or GZ4 base HIR/IRC "HIR" is a GE designation for a lamp with an infrared reflective coating. Since less heat escapes, the filament burns hotter and more efficiently. [138] The Osram designation for a similar coating is "IRC". [139]