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Marie Thérèse Coincoin, [a] born as Coincoin (with no surname), [1] also known as Marie Thérèse dite Coincoin, [2] and Marie Thérèse Métoyer, [3] [4] (August 1742 – 1816) was a planter, slave owner, [1] and businesswoman at the colonial Louisiana outpost of Natchitoches (later known as Natchitoches Parish).
One of these women was named Dorothy Creole, a surname that she acquired in the New World. Dorothy's world was one in which West Africans and Europeans had mixed and traded for more than two centuries. The Dutch had established trading posts in present-day Angola on the Slavenkust or Slave Coast to acquire slaves for their New World colonies. [3]
Prior to the 1760s, visitors to Saint-Domingue frequently described the great beauty, romance, and allure of the mixed-race Creole women. Afterwards, they became known as dangerous temptations. Mixed-race men who were known for passion, handsomeness, and chivalry became restereotyped as highly sexual, narcissistic, lazy, and physically weak.
In Spanish colonies, an español criollo was an ethnic Spaniard who had been born in the colonies, as opposed to an español peninsular born in Spain. [6] Crioulo as a Portuguese term, however, differs in that it refers to Brazilians of African ancestry. [7] Spaniards born in the Spanish East Indies were called insulares.
The English word creole derives from the French créole, which in turn came from Portuguese crioulo, a diminutive of cria meaning a person raised in one's house.Cria is derived from criar, meaning "to raise or bring up", itself derived from the Latin creare, meaning "to make, bring forth, produce, beget"; which is also the source of the English word "create".
Historical records state that Marie Catherine Laveau was born a free woman of color in New Orleans 's French Quarter, Louisiana, on Thursday, September 10, 1801.At the time of her birth, Louisiana was still administered by Spanish colonial officials, although by treaty the territory had been restored to the French First Republic a year prior. [1]
Starring Viola Davis as General Nanisca, a trailer for "The Woman King" shows that the film is "based on true (historical) events." To be released on Sept. 16.
Map of North America in 1750, before the French and Indian War (part of the international Seven Years' War (1756 to 1763)). The Flag of French Louisiana. Through both the French and Spanish (late 18th century) regimes, parochial and colonial governments used the term Creole for ethnic French and Spanish people born in the New World.