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This is a list of chemotherapeutic agents, also known as cytotoxic agents or cytostatic drugs, that are known to be of use in chemotherapy for cancer.This list is organized by type of agent, although the subsections are not necessarily definitive and are subject to revision.
Trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla) is an antibody conjugated to a synthetic derivative of the cytotoxic principle of the Ethiopian plant Maytenus ovatus. It used to treat breast cancer. [10] Mappia foetida. Some of the research has been showed that it has an effective anticancer property against breast cancer
Metronomic chemotherapy, which involves regularly giving patients low dosages of chemotherapy drugs, is one instance of this. [46] This technique has been shown to have the potential to change the tumor microenvironment and limit tumor growth. [47] It is yet unknown how best to employ metronomic chemotherapy, especially for varied cancer types ...
The word chemotherapy without a modifier usually refers to cancer treatment, but its historical meaning was broader. The term was coined in the early 1900s by Paul Ehrlich as meaning any use of chemicals to treat any disease (chemo-+ -therapy), such as the use of antibiotics (antibacterial chemotherapy). [194]
In conventional chemotherapy, a dose close to the maximum tolerated dose is administered in a bolus manner to achieve cytotoxic effects on tumor cells. [5] However, the side effects are often significant as the cytotoxic agents also kill the fast-dividing cells normally present in the body, such as bone marrow cells and epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract. [6]
Patients and their diseases are profiled in order to identify the most effective treatment for their specific case. Targeted therapy or molecularly targeted therapy is one of the major modalities of medical treatment (pharmacotherapy) for cancer, [1] others being hormonal therapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy.
Fluorouracil (5-FU, 5-fluorouracil), sold under the brand name Adrucil among others, is a cytotoxic chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer. [3] By intravenous injection it is used for treatment of colorectal cancer, oesophageal cancer, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and cervical cancer. [3]
Bone marrow suppression is a serious side effect of chemotherapy and certain drugs affecting the immune system such as azathioprine. [2] The risk is especially high in cytotoxic chemotherapy for leukemia. In the case of non-small-cell lung cancer, myelosuppression predisposition was shown to be modulated by enhancer mutations. [3]