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2. Tube (fluid conveyance) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tube_(fluid_conveyance)

   Both pipe and tube imply a level of rigidity and permanence, whereas a hose is usually portable and flexible. A tube and pipe may be specified by standard pipe size designations, e.g., nominal pipe size, or by nominal outside or inside diameter and/or wall thickness. The actual dimensions of pipe are usually not the nominal dimensions: A 1-inch ...

3. Nominal Pipe Size - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominal_Pipe_Size

   Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) is a North American set of standard sizes for pipes used for high or low pressures and temperatures. [1] " Nominal" refers to pipe in non-specific terms and identifies the diameter of the hole with a non-dimensional number (for example – 2-inch nominal steel pipe" consists of many varieties of steel pipe with the only criterion being a 2.375-inch (60.3 mm) outside ...

4. Pipe (fluid conveyance) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipe_(fluid_conveyance)

   Consequently, a 1-inch (25 mm) copper pipe had a 1 + 1 ⁄ 8-inch (28.58 mm) outside diameter. The outside diameter was the important dimension for mating with fittings. The wall thickness on modern copper is usually thinner than 1 ⁄ 16-inch (1.6 mm), so the internal diameter is only "nominal" rather than a controlling dimension. [13]

5. National pipe thread - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_pipe_thread

   pipe size Thread density Thread pitch P Hand-tight engagement [6] Effective thread [6] Overall length L 4 [6] Actual outside diameter D Tap drill; Length L 1 Turns Diameter E 1 Length L 2 Turns Diameter E 2; inch inch −1 inch mm inch inch inch inch inch inch mm inch mm 1 ⁄ 16: 27 0.03703704 0.9407 0.1600: 4.32: 0.28118 0.2611: 7.05: 0.2875 ...

6. Iron pipe size - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_pipe_size

   In 1948, the DIPS came into effect, when greater control of a pipe's wall thickness was possible. CTS diameter always specifies the outside diameter (OD) of a tube, where pipe diameter specifications only approximate the pipe inside diameter (ID) for sizes of 12 inch or less, and STD wall thickness.

7. Piping and plumbing fitting - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piping_and_plumbing_fitting

   A reducer reduces the pipe size from a larger to a smaller bore (inner diameter). Alternatively, reducer may refer to any fitting which causes a change in pipe diameter. [15] This change may be intended to meet hydraulic flow requirements of the system or adapt to existing piping of a different size. The reduction length is usually equal to the ...