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As a result, the Himalayan range is one of the most seismically active regions in the world. This region has experienced many high magnitude earthquakes in the last 100 years, including the 1905 Kangra Earthquake , 1975 Kinnaur Earthquake , 1991 Uttarkashi Earthquake , and the 1999 Chamoli Earthquake , all of which were recorded at magnitudes ...
Despite its greater size, the Himalayas does not form a water divide across its span because of the multiple river systems that cut across the range. While the mountains were formed gradually, the rivers concurrently cut across deeper gorges ranging from 1,500–5,000 m (4,900–16,400 ft) in depth and 10–50 km (6.2–31.1 mi) in width.
The Alpide belt or Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt, [1] or more recently and rarely the Tethyan orogenic belt, is a seismic and orogenic belt that includes an array of mountain ranges extending for more than 15,000 kilometres (9,300 mi) along the southern margin of Eurasia, stretching from Java and Sumatra, through the Indochinese Peninsula, the Himalayas and Transhimalayas, the mountains of ...
The Andes range consist of hundreds of mountain peaks. The world's longest above-water mountain range is the Andes, [1] about 7,000 km (4,300 mi) long. The range stretches from north to south through seven countries in South America, along the west coast of the continent: Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina.
By strain, the Main Central Thrust is defined as a broad zone which a few kilometers thick. This zone accommodates most of the ductile shear zones and brittle thrust faults between the lowermost part of the Greater Himalayan Crystalline complex and the uppermost part of the Lesser Himalayan Sequence. [7] [8]
Zard-Kuh, a fold mountain in the central Zagros range of Iran. When plates collide or undergo subduction (that is, ride one over another), the plates tend to buckle and fold , forming mountains. While volcanic arcs form at oceanic-continental plate boundaries, folding occurs at continental-continental plate boundaries.
The gneiss of the Higher Himalayan zone (HHZ) is a thick continuous sequence of about 5 to 15 km. [23] The northern part is marked by the North Himalayan Normal Fault (NHNF), which is also known as the South Tibetan Detachment system (STDS). At its base, it is bounded by the MCT.
A mountain range or hill range is a series of mountains or hills arranged in a line and connected by high ground. A mountain system or mountain belt is a group of mountain ranges with similarity in form, structure, and alignment that have arisen from the same cause, usually an orogeny . [ 1 ]