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The history of transport is largely one of technological innovation. Advances in technology have allowed people to travel farther, explore more territory, and expand their influence over increasingly larger areas. Even in ancient times, new tools such as foot coverings, skis, and snowshoes lengthened the distances that could be traveled.
Urban rail networks are also well developed in London and several other cities. There were once over 30,000 miles (48,000 km) of rail network in the UK. The UK was ranked eighth among national European rail systems in the 2017 European Railway Performance Index assessing intensity of use, quality of service and safety. [19]
McLean, Iain. "The origin and strange history of regulation in the UK: three case studies in search of a theory." ESF/SCSS Exploratory Workshop The Politics of Regulation (2002) online. McLean, Iain, and Christopher Foster. "The political economy of regulation: interests, ideology, voters, and the UK Regulation of Railways Act 1844."
History of rail transport in Great Britain discusses the history of rail transport on the larger of the British isles, comprising England, Scotland and Wales. Here, the vast majority of the railway system standardised on the standard gauge of 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in ( 1,435 mm ).
A larger than average fleet turnover has ensured a swift introduction of new and cleaner vehicles in England and the rest of the UK. [ 6 ] Figures from the DfT show in 2018 people made 4.8 billion local bus passenger journeys in England, 58% of all public transport journeys.
1840s – Railway Mania sweeps UK and Ireland. 6,220 miles (10,010 km) of railway line were built 1843 - Dalkey Atmospheric railway opens. 1847 - The first steam railcar was designed by James Samuel , the Eastern Counties Railway Locomotive Engineer, built by William Bridges Adams in 1847, and trialled between Shoreditch and Cambridge on 23 ...
The UK was ranked eighth among national European rail systems in the 2017 European Railway Performance Index for intensity of use, quality of service and safety performance. [11] To cope with increasing passenger numbers, there is a large programme of upgrades to the network, including Thameslink , Crossrail , electrification of lines , in-cab ...
As the last steam locomotives were withdrawn, the corporation's public name was re-branded in 1965 as British Rail (see British Rail brand names for a full history). This re-branding introduced the double-arrow logo to represent the industry as a whole; the standardised Rail Alphabet typeface used for all communications and signs; and the BR ...