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The sequence of numbers involved is sometimes referred to as the hailstone sequence, hailstone numbers or hailstone numerals (because the values are usually subject to multiple descents and ascents like hailstones in a cloud), [5] or as wondrous numbers. [6] Paul Erdős said about the Collatz conjecture: "Mathematics may not be ready for such ...
Lothar Collatz (German:; July 6, 1910 – September 26, 1990) was a German mathematician, born in Arnsberg, Westphalia. The "3x + 1" problem is also known as the Collatz conjecture, named after him and still unsolved. The Collatz–Wielandt formula for the Perron–Frobenius eigenvalue of a positive square matrix was also named after him.
The following other wikis use this file: Usage on ca.wikipedia.org Conjectura de Collatz; Usage on eu.wikipedia.org Collatzen aierua; Usage on fi.wikipedia.org
10:00, 25 May 2010: 1,440 × 1,406 (520 KB) Derlay {{Information |Description={{en|This is a graph, generated in bottom-up fashion, of the orbits of all numbers under the Collatz map with an orbit length of 20 or less. Created with en:Graphviz, with the help of this [[:en:Python (programming langua
22:55, 10 June 2007: 258 × 2,125 (20 KB) Keenan Pepper: Directed graph showing the orbits of the numbers less than 30 (with the exception of 27 because it would make it too tall) under the Collatz map. For a larger graph containing only odd numbers, see [[:Image:Collatz-graph-300.sv
The following other wikis use this file: Usage on ca.wikipedia.org Conjectura de Collatz; Usage on eu.wikipedia.org Collatzen aierua; Usage on fr.wikipedia.org
In algebra, the 3x + 1 semigroup is a special subsemigroup of the multiplicative semigroup of all positive rational numbers. [1] The elements of a generating set of this semigroup are related to the sequence of numbers involved in the still open Collatz conjecture or the "3x + 1 problem".
The question is whether or not, for all problems for which an algorithm can verify a given solution quickly (that is, in polynomial time), an algorithm can also find that solution quickly. Since the former describes the class of problems termed NP, while the latter describes P, the question is equivalent to asking whether all problems in NP are ...