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Pillow lava is the lava structure typically formed when lava emerges from an underwater volcanic vent or subglacial volcano or a lava flow enters the ocean. The viscous lava gains a solid crust on contact with the water, and this crust cracks and oozes additional large blobs or "pillows" as more lava emerges from the advancing flow.
Laze plumes forming from pāhoehoe lava flowing into the Pacific Ocean, Hawaii. Laze is acid rain and air pollution arising from steam explosions and large plume clouds containing extremely acidic condensate (mainly hydrochloric acid), which occur when molten lava flows enter cold oceans. [1] [2] The term laze is a portmanteau of lava and haze.
Advancing lava flows into this crust, forming what is known as pillow lava. Below ocean depths of about 2,200 metres (7,200 ft) where the pressure exceeds the critical pressure of water (22.06 MPa or about 218 atmospheres for pure water), it can no longer boil; it becomes a supercritical fluid .
At least 37 people have been killed, and more than a dozen injured on the Indonesian island of Sumatra after heavy rains triggered flash flooding and a cold lava flow from an active volcano ...
The term is ultimately a combination of cryo-, from the Ancient Greek κρῠ́ος (krúos, meaning cold or frost), and volcano. [1] [2]: 492 In general, terminology used to describe cryovolcanism is analogous to volcanic terminology: Cryolava and cryomagma are distinguished in a manner similar to lava and magma. Cryomagma refers to the molten ...
The lava flow from Kilauea Volcano’s lower east rift zone mostly flowed into the ocean in two spots on Monday, May 21, but some escaped into new cracks.A crack opened under the east lava channel ...
The Kilauea Volcano releases lava that flows down the slope of the volcano and eventually encounters the ocean; this lava flow hardens when it comes into contact with the significantly cooler water of the ocean and forms an unstable lava bench. Eventually, when the material beneath the lava bench stabilizes, it becomes stable land that has been ...
Heavy rains and torrents of cold lava and mud flowing down a volcano's slopes on Indonesia’s Sumatra island triggered flash floods that killed at least 15 people and injured several others ...