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In cryptography, Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) [1] is a mode of operation for symmetric-key cryptographic block ciphers which is widely adopted for its performance. GCM throughput rates for state-of-the-art, high-speed communication channels can be achieved with inexpensive hardware resources.
Authenticated Encryption (AE) is an encryption scheme which simultaneously assures the data confidentiality (also known as privacy: the encrypted message is impossible to understand without the knowledge of a secret key [1]) and authenticity (in other words, it is unforgeable: [2] the encrypted message includes an authentication tag that the sender can calculate only while possessing the ...
Automated essay scoring (AES) is the use of specialized computer programs to assign grades to essays written in an educational setting. It is a form of educational assessment and an application of natural language processing .
AES-GCM-SIV is a mode of operation for the Advanced Encryption Standard which provides similar (but slightly worse [1]) performance to Galois/Counter Mode as well as misuse resistance in the event of the reuse of a cryptographic nonce. The construction is defined in RFC 8452.
Following is the list of Secondary and Higher Secondary education institutes in Islamabad which are registered by the Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education; [2] All the government education institutes from Primary to college level works under the ambit of Federal Directorate of Education, Islamabad.
Islamic International Engineering College, Islamabad (Riphah International University, Islamabad) [8] Iqra University, Islamabad Campus (Iqra University, Karachi) Capital University of Science & Technology, Islamabad; National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad (Main Campus) [9]
Boards of Intermediate and secondary education in Pakistan are responsible for conducting intermediate and secondary education examinations. These boards set their educational policy under the supervision of the provincial education ministry. [1]
Government initiatives, such as scholarships and financial aid programs, are helping to make higher education more accessible. Many students in Pakistan are now also focused on understanding how to GPA calculate [5] effectively, as GPA plays a key role in academic performance evaluations and future opportunities. Despite the hurdles, the sector ...