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In another approach to studying photosynthesis, light-absorbing pigments such as chlorophyll can be extracted from chloroplasts. Like so many important biological systems in the cell, the photosynthetic system is ordered and compartmentalized in a system of membranes. [9] Isolated chloroplasts from spinach leaves, viewed under light microscope
It is also the process of eliminating starch reserves in a plant for experiments concerning photosynthesis. This is done by leaving the plant(s) in a dark place for 3 days. Due to the lack of photosynthesis in this place, stored starch is used up, thus the plant is destarched. [3]
In the same leaves used for gas exchange measurements, chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters (initial, ; maximum, ; and variable, ) were measured using a fluorometer. The results showed that despite pioneer species and forest species occupying different habitats, both showed similar vulnerability to midday photoinhibition in sun-exposed leaves.
This suggests that the phototropin expression levels change with the maturation of the leaves. [11] Mature leaves contain chloroplasts that are essential in photosynthesis. Chloroplast rearrangement occurs in different light environments to maximize photosynthesis. There are several genes involved in plant phototropism including the NPH1 and ...
In oxygenic photosynthesis, the first electron donor is water, creating oxygen (O 2) as a by-product. In anoxygenic photosynthesis, various electron donors are used. Cytochrome b 6 f and ATP synthase work together to produce ATP (photophosphorylation) in two distinct ways.
Also, the chlorophyll concentration can be estimated by measuring the light transmittance through the plant leaves [29]. The assessment of leaf chlorophyll content using optical sensors such as Dualex and SPAD allows researchers to perform real-time and non-destructive measurements [30] [31]. Research shows that these methods have a positive ...
Their experiment proved the existence of a photosynthetic unit. Gaffron and Wohl later interpreted the experiment and realized that the light absorbed by the photosynthetic unit was transferred. [7] This reaction occurs at the reaction center of Photosystem II and takes place in cyanobacteria, algae and green plants. [8]
The phototropins trigger many responses such as phototropism, chloroplast movement and leaf expansion as well as stomatal opening. [5] Not much was known about how these photoreceptors worked prior to around 1998. The mechanism by which phototropins work was elucidated through experiments with broad bean (Vicia faba).
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