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The limiting oxygen concentration is shown in the lower right of the diagram. The limiting oxygen concentration (LOC), [1] also known as the minimum oxygen concentration (MOC), [2] is defined as the limiting concentration of oxygen below which combustion is not possible, independent of the concentration of fuel. It is expressed in units of ...
The term is considered by many safety professionals to be the same as the lower explosive level (LEL). At a concentration in air lower than the LFL, gas mixtures are "too lean" to burn. Methane gas has an LFL of 4.4%. [1] If the atmosphere has less than 4.4% methane, an explosion cannot occur even if a source of ignition is present.
Any mixture of methane and air will therefore lie on the straight line between pure methane and pure air – this is shown as the blue air-line. The upper and lower flammability limits of methane in air are located on this line, as shown (labelled UEL and LEL, respectively). The stoichiometric combustion of methane is: CH 4 + 2O 2 → CO 2 + 2H ...
A molecule is said to have a positive oxygen balance if it contains more oxygen than is needed and a negative oxygen balance if it contains less oxygen than is needed. [2] An explosive with a negative oxygen balance will lead to incomplete combustion, which commonly produces carbon monoxide, which is a toxic gas. Explosives with negative or ...
A gas is a substance which (a) at 50 °C (122 °F) has a vapor pressure greater than 300 kPa (43.51 PSI) or (b) is completely gaseous at 20 °C (68 °F) at a standard pressure of 101.3 kPa (14.69 PSI). Gases are assigned to one of three divisions division 2.1 Flammable gas; division 2.2 Non flammable, Non-toxic gas; division 2.3 Toxic gas
The Bay Area Air Quality Management District has fined Berkeley after finding explosive levels of methane leaking from at least two cracked gas collection wells in the park. Both have since been ...
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit (REL) of 1000 ppm (1800 mg/m 3) over an 8-hour workday and 1250 ppm (2250 mg/m 3) for short-term exposure. At levels of 3400 ppm, 10% of the lower explosive limit, MAPP gas is immediately dangerous to life and health. [9]
A gas explosion is the ignition of a mixture of air and flammable gas, typically from a gas leak. [1] In household accidents, the principal explosive gases are those used for heating or cooking purposes such as natural gas , methane , propane , butane .