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  2. Cork (material) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cork_(material)

    Harvesting of cork from the forests of Algeria, 1930. Cork is a natural material used by humans for over 5,000 years. It is a material whose applications have been known since antiquity, especially in floating devices and as stopper for beverages, mainly wine, whose market, from the early twentieth century, had a massive expansion, particularly due to the development of several cork-based ...

  3. Cheerios effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheerios_effect

    The effect is observed in small objects which are supported by the surface of a liquid. There are two types of such objects: objects which are sufficiently buoyant that they will always float on the surface (for example, Cheerios in milk), and objects which are heavy enough to sink when immersed, but not so heavy as to overcome the surface tension of the liquid (for example, steel pins on water).

  4. Upstream contamination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upstream_contamination

    When pouring water from a higher container to a lower one, particles floating in the latter can climb upstream into the upper container. A definitive explanation is still lacking: experimental and computational evidence indicates that the contamination is chiefly driven by surface tension gradients, however the phenomenon is also affected by ...

  5. Cork taint - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cork_taint

    Chemical structure of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (TCA), the compound primarily responsible for cork taint. Cork taint is a broad term referring to an off-odor and off-flavor wine fault [1] arising from the presence of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (TCA), a chemical compound that represents one of the strongest off-flavors, and one "generated naturally in foods/beverages", in particular wines, that ...

  6. List of unsolved problems in chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems...

    Protein folding problem: Is it possible to predict the secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of a polypeptide sequence based solely on the sequence and environmental information? Inverse protein-folding problem: Is it possible to design a polypeptide sequence which will adopt a given structure under certain environmental conditions?

  7. Archimedes' principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes'_principle

    For a floating object, only the submerged volume displaces water. For a sunken object, the entire volume displaces water, and there will be an additional force of reaction from the solid floor. In order for Archimedes' principle to be used alone, the object in question must be in equilibrium (the sum of the forces on the object must be zero ...

  8. Surface tension - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_tension

    Separation of oil and water (in this case, water and liquid wax) is caused by a tension in the surface between dissimilar liquids. This type of surface tension is called "interface tension", but its chemistry is the same. Tears of wine is the formation of drops and rivulets on the side of a glass containing an alcoholic beverage.

  9. Alternative wine closure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_wine_closure

    Alternative wine closures are substitute closures used in the wine industry for sealing wine bottles in place of traditional cork closures. The emergence of these alternatives has grown in response to quality control efforts by winemakers to protect against "cork taint" caused by the presence of the chemical trichloroanisole (TCA). [1] [2]