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Biphasic (or diphasic, bifurcated, or bimodal) sleep refers to two periods, while polyphasic usually means more than two. [1] Segmented sleep and divided sleep may refer to polyphasic or biphasic sleep, but may also refer to interrupted sleep , where the sleep has one or several shorter periods of wakefulness, as was the norm for night sleep in ...
These differ in the amount of estrogen given, and whether they are monophasic (the same dose of estrogen and progestogen during each of the 21 days) or multiphasic (varying doses). The introduction of extended-cycle monophasic pills (i.e. Seasonale) has shown that the withdrawal bleeding intervals can be decreased.
The Juliá–Colonna epoxidation is an asymmetric poly-leucine catalyzed nucleophilic epoxidation of electron deficient olefins in a triphasic system.The reaction was reported by Sebastian Juliá at the Chemical Institute of Sarriá in 1980, [1] with further elaboration by both Juliá and Stefano Colonna (Istituto di Chimica Industriale dell'Università, Milan, Italy).
Many drugs follow a biphasic elimination curve — first a steep slope then a shallow slope: STEEP (initial) part of curve —> initial distribution of the drug in the body. SHALLOW part of curve —> ultimate excretion of drug, which is dependent on the release of the drug from tissue compartments into the blood.
According to the book, in a sleep deprived condition, measurements of a polyphasic sleeper's memory retention and analytical ability show increases as compared with monophasic and biphasic sleep (but still a decrease of 12% as compared with free running sleep). According to Stampi, the improvement is due to an extraordinary evolutionary ...
Biphasic, meaning having two phases, may refer to: Phase (matter), in the physical sciences, a biphasic system, e.g. one involving liquid water and steam; Biphasic sleep, a nap or siesta in addition to the usual sleep episode at night; Phase (pharmacology) Biphasic disease; Biphasic formulations of oral contraceptive pills
The asymmetric Darzens reaction between aldehydes and (alpha)-haloesters is an effective method for the synthesis of glycidic esters. [25] Chiral auxiliaries, [26] chiral boron enolates, [27] and asymmetric phase transfer catalysis [28] have been used successfully to effect asymmetric induction in the Darzens reaction. (12)
Drug metabolism is the metabolic breakdown of drugs by living organisms, usually through specialized enzymatic systems. More generally, xenobiotic metabolism (from the Greek xenos "stranger" and biotic "related to living beings") is the set of metabolic pathways that modify the chemical structure of xenobiotics, which are compounds foreign to an organism's normal biochemistry, such as any drug ...