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With other variables analyzed from the radar returns it helps to determine the type of precipitation. Both the radar reflectivity factor and its logarithmic version are commonly referred to as reflectivity when the context is clear. In short, the higher the dBZ value, the more likely it is for severe weather to occur in the form of precipitation.
Weather radar in Norman, Oklahoma with rainshaft Weather (WF44) radar dish University of Oklahoma OU-PRIME C-band, polarimetric, weather radar during construction. Weather radar, also called weather surveillance radar (WSR) and Doppler weather radar, is a type of radar used to locate precipitation, calculate its motion, and estimate its type (rain, snow, hail etc.).
Radar image animation of an outflow boundary of a storm approaching Tulsa, Oklahoma. The outflow boundary's weak echo moves left-to-right and passes overhead of the Doppler radar station. The outflow produces a gust front that moves ahead of the main thunderstorm. Outflow, in meteorology, is air that flows outwards from a storm system.
Vertical cross-section of a thunderstorm at the top and VIL value of 63 kg/m 2 or 63 mm of rain with that cell at the bottom (red one) Vertically integrated liquid (VIL) is an estimate of the total mass of precipitation in the clouds. The measurement is obtained by observing the reflectivity of the air which is obtained with weather radar. [1]
NEXRAD or Nexrad (Next-Generation Radar) is a network of 159 high-resolution S-band Doppler weather radars operated by the National Weather Service (NWS), an agency of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) within the United States Department of Commerce, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) within the Department of Transportation, and the U.S. Air Force within the ...
Polarimetric radar boosts precipitation observation and prediction, especially rainfall rates, hail detection, and distinguishing precipitation types. [14] Proposed radar technologies, such as phased array and CASA, would further improve observations and forecasts by increasing the temporal and spatial resolution of scans in the former [15] as ...
Scans at different angles by a weather radar. A weather radar sequentially surveys a series of vertical angles over 360 degrees in azimuth. The reflectivity at each of these angles represents the rate of precipitation along a cone that rises away from the radar. Every angle can be seen on a PPI image. However, this rate varies with altitude and ...
The radar mile is the time it takes for a radar pulse to travel one nautical mile, reflect off a target, and return to the radar antenna. Since a nautical mile is defined as 1,852 m, then dividing this distance by the speed of light (299,792,458 m/s), and then multiplying the result by 2 yields a result of 12.36 μs in duration.