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Launched in the wake of the Armistice of 11 November 1918 which ended World War I and the German military occupation of the Baltic countries, the purposes of Operation Red Trek were to stop the rise of Bolshevism in the area, to support the newly independent countries of Estonia and Latvia, [8] to protect British interests, and to extend the freedom of the seas.
The British campaign in the Baltic began on 26 November 1918, just 15 days after the end of the First World War, when a squadron under Rear Admiral Edwyn Alexander-Sinclair departed Britain. Alexander-Sinclair's force was meant as a show of strength against the Bolsheviks and in support of Estonian and Latvian independence, which was threatened ...
The Estonian War of Independence, [c] also known as the Estonian Liberation War, was a defensive campaign of the Estonian Army and its allies, most notably the United Kingdom, against the Soviet Russian westward offensive of 1918–1919 and the 1919 aggression of the pro–German Baltische Landeswehr.
Associated people and organisations Royal Navy, HMS CASSANDRA, Royal Navy; Associated places Liepāja, Kurzeme, Latvia; Associated events North Russia Intervention 1918-1920, Russia 1918-1920, First World War, Russian Civil War 1917-1921, Latvian War of Independence 1918-1920, Russian Civil War 1917-1921
Most of today's Poland, Belarus, Ukraine and the Baltic states were granted to the government of Germany, which in turn decided to grant these states limited independence as buffer states. However, the German defeat on the Western Front and the internal dissolution of Austria-Hungary made the plans for the creation of Mitteleuropa obsolete.
Associated people and organisations Royal Navy; Associated places Tallinn, Estonia; Associated events North Russia Intervention 1918-1920, Russia 1918-1920, First World War, Russian Civil War 1917-1921, Estonian War of Independence 1918-1920, Russian Civil War 1917-1921
The Baltic Landwehr or Baltische Landeswehr ("Baltic Territorial Army") was the name of the unified armed forces of Couronian and Livonian nobility from 7 December 1918 to 3 July 1919. [ 1 ] Command structure
After the First World War (1914–1918) the term "Baltic states" came to refer to the countries by the Baltic Sea that had gained independence from the former Russian Empire. The term included Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, as well as Finland (which later became grouped among the Nordic countries instead).