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Along with the transverse tarsal joint (i.e. talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joint), the subtalar joint transforms tibial rotation into forefoot supination and pronation. The axis of rotation in the joint is directed upward 42 degrees from the horizontal plane and 16 degrees medially from the midline of the foot.
The tarsometatarsal joints (Lisfranc joints) are arthrodial joints in the foot. The tarsometatarsal joints involve the first, second and third cuneiform bones, the cuboid bone and the metatarsal bones. The eponym of Lisfranc joint is 18th–19th-century surgeon and gynecologist Jacques Lisfranc de St. Martin. [1]
The arches of the foot, formed by the tarsal and metatarsal bones, strengthened by ligaments and tendons, allow the foot to support the weight of the body in the erect posture with the least weight. They are categorized as longitudinal and transverse arches .
Bones of the right foot. Dorsal surface. Metatarsus shown in yellow. The base of each metatarsal bone articulates with one or more of the tarsal bones at the tarsometatarsal joints, and the head with one of the first row of phalanges at the metatarsophalangeal joints. Their bases also articulate with each other at the intermetatarsal joints
The talus is the second largest of the tarsal bones; [4] it is also one of the bones in the human body with the highest percentage of its surface area covered by articular cartilage. It is also unusual in that it has a retrograde blood supply, i.e. arterial blood enters the bone at the distal end.
The intertarsal joint are the joints of the tarsal bones in the foot. There are six specific inter tarsal joints (articulations) in the human foot: Subtalar joint; Talocalcaneonavicular joint; Calcaneocuboid joint; Cuneonavicular joint; Cuboideonavicular joint; Intercuneiform joints
The third metatarsal bone is a long bone in the foot. It is the second longest metatarsal, the longest being the second metatarsal. The third metatarsal is analogous to the third metacarpal bone in the hand [1] Like the four other metatarsal bones, it can be divided into three part: base, body and head.
The metatarsophalangeal joints (MTP joints) are the joints between the metatarsal bones of the foot and the proximal bones (proximal phalanges) of the toes.They are analogous to the knuckles of the hand, and are consequently known as toe knuckles in common speech.