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Existing Eiffel software uses the string classes (such as STRING_8) from the Eiffel libraries, but Eiffel software written for .NET must use the .NET string class (System.String) in many cases, for example when calling .NET methods which expect items of the .NET type to be passed as arguments. So, the conversion of these types back and forth ...
There are several loopholes to pure const-correctness in C and C++. They exist primarily for compatibility with existing code. The first, which applies only to C++, is the use of const_cast, which allows the programmer to strip the const qualifier, making any object modifiable. The necessity of stripping the qualifier arises when using existing ...
In the below example, the method objectToString takes an Object parameter which is assumed to be of type String. public static String objectToString ( Object myObject ) { // This will only work when the myObject currently holding value is string. return ( String ) myObject ; } public static void main ( String [] args ) { // This will work since ...
In the C++ programming language, decltype is a keyword used to query the type of an expression.Introduced in C++11, its primary intended use is in generic programming, where it is often difficult, or even impossible, to express types that depend on template parameters.
Prevention of illegal operations. For example, a type system can reject the expression 3 / "Hello, World" as invalid, because the division operator is not defined for a string divisor. Memory safety. Type systems can prevent wild pointers that could otherwise arise from a pointer to one type of object being treated as a pointer to another type.
The reinterpret cast technique from C/C++ also works in Pascal. This can be useful, when eg. reading dwords from a byte stream, and we want to treat them as float. Here is a working example, where we reinterpret-cast a dword to a float:
C++ also provides the dynamic_cast operator, which allows code to safely attempt conversion of an object, via a base reference/pointer, to a more derived type: downcasting. The attempt is necessary as often one does not know which derived type is referenced.
In computer programming, run-time type information or run-time type identification (RTTI) [1] is a feature of some programming languages (such as C++, [2] Object Pascal, and Ada [3]) that exposes information about an object's data type at runtime. Run-time type information may be available for all types or only to types that explicitly have it ...