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Graph of altitude/speed region envelope for Lockheed U-2 depicting coffin corner. Coffin corner (also known as the aerodynamic ceiling [1] or Q corner) is the region of flight where a fast but subsonic fixed-wing aircraft's stall speed is near the critical Mach number, at a given gross weight and G-force loading. In this region of flight, it is ...
Flight envelope is one of a number of related terms that are used in a similar fashion. It is perhaps the most common term because it is the oldest, first being used in the early days of test flight. It is closely related to more modern terms known as extra power and a doghouse plot which are different ways of describing the flight envelope of ...
A flight envelope diagram showing V S (Stall speed at 1G), V C (Corner/Maneuvering speed) and V D (Dive speed) Vg diagram. Note the 1g stall speed, and the Maneuvering Speed (Corner Speed) for both positive and negative g. The maximum “never-exceed” placard dive speeds are determined for smooth air only.
The charts are published "in accordance with Interagency Air Cartographic Committee specifications and agreements, approved by the Department of Defense and the Federal Aviation Administration". The legend of an aeronautical chart lists many of the symbols, colors and codes used to convey information to the map reader.
Another factor that makes it impossible for some aircraft to reach their absolute ceiling, even with temporary increases in thrust, is the aircraft reaching the "coffin corner". Flight at the absolute ceiling is also not economically advantageous due to the low indicated airspeed which can be sustained: although the true airspeed at an altitude ...
The FAA states "The height–velocity diagram or H/V curve is a graph charting the safe/unsafe flight profiles relevant to a specific helicopter. As operation outside the safe area of the chart can be fatal in the event of a power or transmission failure it is sometimes referred to as the dead man's curve."
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A sample CG-moment envelope chart, showing that a loaded plane weighing 2,367 lb (1,074 kg) with a moment of 105,200 lb⋅in (11886 N⋅m) is within the "normal category" envelope. Center of gravity (CG) is calculated as follows: Determine weights and arms for all mass within the aircraft. Multiply weights by arms for all mass to calculate moments.