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Peripheral artery disease most commonly affects the legs, but other arteries may also be involved, such as those of the arms, neck, or kidneys. [4] [17] Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a form of peripheral vascular disease. Vascular refers to both the arteries and veins within the body. PAD differs from peripheral veinous disease. PAD means ...
A myocardial infarction (MI), or heart attack, arises from complete occlusion of a coronary artery. [9] The most frequent cause of MI is the rupturing of an atherosclerotic plaque formed in CAD. Plaque rupture exposes the subendothelial matrix beneath the plaque, initiating thrombus formation within the vasculature. [ 7 ]
In the legs, bypass grafting is used to treat peripheral vascular disease, acute limb ischemia, aneurysms and trauma.While there are many anatomical arrangements for vascular bypass grafts in the lower extremities depending on the location of the disease, the principle is the same: to restore blood flow to an area without normal flow.
Myocardial infarction complications may occur immediately following a myocardial infarction (heart attack) (in the acute phase), or may need time to develop (a chronic problem). After an infarction, an obvious complication is a second infarction, which may occur in the domain of another atherosclerotic coronary artery, or in the same zone if ...
Ventricular aneurysms are usually complications resulting from a heart attack. When the heart muscle (cardiac muscle) partially dies during a heart attack, a layer of muscle may survive, and, being severely weakened, start to become an aneurysm. Blood may flow into the surrounding dead muscle and inflate the weakened flap of muscle into a bubble.
Peripheral artery disease – occurs when atheromatous plaques build up in the arteries that supply blood to the arms and legs, causing the arteries to narrow or become blocked. [ 1 ] Erythromelalgia - a rare peripheral vascular disease with symptoms that include burning pain, increased temperature, erythema and swelling that generally affect ...
Peripheral artery disease is typically diagnosed if the systolic blood pressure in the ankle divided by the systolic blood pressure in the arm is less than 0.9. In general, claudication is often seen in people with an ABI between 0.4 and 0.9, rest pain is seen between 0.2 and 0.4, and tissue loss, ulcers, and gangrene between 0 to 0.4.
Macroangiopathy may cause other complications, such as ischemic heart disease, stroke and peripheral vascular disease which contributes to the diabetic foot ulcers and the risk of amputation. In microangiopathy, the walls of the smaller blood vessels become so thick and weak that they bleed , leak protein , and slow the flow of blood through ...