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Diffusion maps exploit the relationship between heat diffusion and random walk Markov chain.The basic observation is that if we take a random walk on the data, walking to a nearby data-point is more likely than walking to another that is far away.
In mathematics, the Smith normal form (sometimes abbreviated SNF [1]) is a normal form that can be defined for any matrix (not necessarily square) with entries in a principal ideal domain (PID). The Smith normal form of a matrix is diagonal, and can be obtained from the original matrix by multiplying on the left and right by invertible square ...
In theory, this algorithm can be used also for the fundamental matrix, but in practice the normalized eight-point algorithm, described by Richard Hartley in 1997, is better suited for this case. The algorithm's name derives from the fact that it estimates the essential matrix or the fundamental matrix from a set of eight (or more) corresponding ...
Let A be a square matrix. Then by Schur decomposition it is unitary similar to an upper-triangular matrix, say, B. If A is normal, so is B. But then B must be diagonal, for, as noted above, a normal upper-triangular matrix is diagonal. The spectral theorem permits the classification of normal matrices in terms of their spectra, for example:
The probability density function for the random matrix X (n × p) that follows the matrix normal distribution , (,,) has the form: (,,) = ([() ()]) / | | / | | /where denotes trace and M is n × p, U is n × n and V is p × p, and the density is understood as the probability density function with respect to the standard Lebesgue measure in , i.e.: the measure corresponding to integration ...
In linear algebra, the Hermite normal form is an analogue of reduced echelon form for matrices over the integers Z.Just as reduced echelon form can be used to solve problems about the solution to the linear system Ax=b where x is in R n, the Hermite normal form can solve problems about the solution to the linear system Ax=b where this time x is restricted to have integer coordinates only.
A matrix normal form or matrix canonical form describes the transformation of a matrix to another with special properties. Pages in category "Matrix normal forms" The following 10 pages are in this category, out of 10 total.
For each invariant factor f i one takes its companion matrix C f i, and the block diagonal matrix formed from these blocks yields the rational canonical form of A. When the minimal polynomial is identical to the characteristic polynomial (the case k = 1), the Frobenius normal form is the companion matrix of the characteristic polynomial.