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The Fort Berthold Indian Reservation is a U.S. Indian reservation in western North Dakota that is home for the federally recognized Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation, also known as the Three Affiliated Tribes. The reservation includes lands on both sides of the Missouri River.
After the signing of the Fort Laramie Treaty (1851) and subsequent taking of land, the Nation's land base is currently approximately 1 million acres located in Fort Berthold Reservation in northwestern North Dakota. The Tribe reported a total enrollment of 16,986 enrolled members of the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara Nation as of April 2022. [1]
Fort Atkinson was an independent fur trade post built in 1858 by Charles Larpenteur on the Missouri River, south of what is now White Shield, North Dakota (within the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation). [3] The American Fur Company had purchased this fort after theirs was burned in 1862. They renamed it as Fort Berthold.
The Fort Laramie Treaty of 1851 recognized 12 million acres (49,000 km 2) of land in the territory owned jointly by these tribes. With the creation of the Fort Berthold Reservation by Executive Order on April 12, 1870, the federal government acknowledged only that the Three Affiliated Tribes held 8 million acres (32,000 km 2).
It is located "on" the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation in McLean County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 336 at the 2010 census. [6] It is considered the primary community of the Arikara (Sahnish) people and is named for Chief White Shield. White Shield in 1908
By keeping a low profile while hunting deer and other small game along the Little Missouri, they succeeded as non-reservation Indians until 1894. [25] The Three Tribes sold a segment of land to the United States in 1870. The last treaty that diminished the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation was signed in 1886 (ratified in 1891). [26]
But the more generally accepted story credits the city's name to Frederic Gerard. Gerard had married Helena Catherine, an Arikara/Ree woman when he ran the Fort Berthold trading post. Gerard was appointed by the Dakota Territorial governor as Morton County's first assessor when it was established in March 1878.
The college was founded May 2, 1973, as the agency responsible for higher education on the Fort Berthold Reservation.The Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Reservation in New Town, North Dakota endorsed the concept that a locally based higher education institution was needed to train Tribal members and to help retain the tribal cultures.