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Compared to modern electrical wiring standards, these are the main technical shortcomings of knob-and-tube wiring methods: never included a safety grounding conductor did not confine switching to the hot conductor (the so-called Carter system prohibited as of 1923 places electrical loads across the common terminals of a three-way switch pair)
The Carter system, also known as the Chicago system, was a method of wiring three-way switches in the era of early knob-and-tube wiring. This now-obsolete wiring method has been prohibited by the USA National Electrical Code since 1923, [2] even in new knob-and-tube installations which are still permitted under certain circumstances. This ...
Two light switches in one box. The switch on the right is a dimmer switch. The switch box is covered by a decorative plate. The first light switch employing "quick-break technology" was invented by John Henry Holmes in 1884 in the Shieldfield district of Newcastle upon Tyne. [1]
Some have a knob that can be turned by fingers, or a small slot that requires a screwdriver to change them. Typically, rotary types are available in two different types of output, 1) a binary encoded output, where 10 ( BCD ) or 16 (hex) choices are encoded into a 4-bit binary output, or 5 to 8 choices are encoded into a 3-bit binary output.
Dimmer in a residential application with RF-based remote control. Non domestic dimmers are usually controlled remotely by means of various protocols. Analogue dimmers usually require a separate wire for each channel of dimming carrying a voltage between 0 and 10 V. Some analogue circuitry then derives a control signal from this and the mains ...
A rotary switch is a switch operated by rotation. These are often chosen when more than 2 positions are needed, such as a three-speed fan or a CB radio with multiple frequencies of reception or "channels". A rotary switch consists of a spindle or "rotor" that has a contact arm or "spoke" which projects from its surface like a cam.
Typically a dimmer has a starting address that represents the lowest-numbered dimmer in that pack, and the addressing increases from there to the highest-numbered dimmer. As an example, for two packs of six dimmers each, the first pack would start at address 1 and the second pack at address 7. Each slot in the DMX512 packet corresponds to one ...
Compared to a rheostat-based circuit, the use of a thyristor greatly increases efficiency, as far less waste heat is generated. Dimming lights with a solid state dimmer also reduces total power draw, unlike rheostat dimmers. Spira's design (and most modern dimmers) rely on the use of AC power, and on the characteristics of incandescent lights.