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Salt metathesis is a common technique for exchanging counterions. The choice of reactants is guided by a solubility chart or lattice energy. HSAB theory can also be used to predict the products of a metathesis reaction. Salt metathesis is often employed to obtain salts that are soluble in organic solvents.
The low solubility of KClO 3 in water causes the salt to conveniently isolate itself from the reaction mixture by simply precipitating out of solution. Potassium chlorate can be produced in small amounts by disproportionation in a sodium hypochlorite solution followed by metathesis reaction with potassium chloride: [7] 3 NaOCl → 2 NaCl + NaClO 3
Tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) is a quaternary ammonium salt with a bromide commonly used as a phase transfer catalyst. [4] It is used to prepare many other tetrabutylammonium salts by salt metathesis reactions. The anhydrous form is a white solid. [2]
Salt metathesis from tantalum(V) chloride is generally the most successful. Tantalum pentachloride, Ta 2 Cl 10, provides a convenient starting point. To avoid the generation of mixed chloride-ethoxide species, a base such as ammonia is usually added to trap liberated HCl: [8] 10 EtOH + Ta 2 Cl 10 + 10 NH 3 → Ta 2 (OEt) 10 + 10 NH 4 Cl
The distinctive feature of the Grignard reagents is their formation from the organic halide and magnesium metal. Most other group II organic compounds are generated by salt metathesis, which limits their accessibility. The formation of the Grignard reagents has received intense scrutiny.
Historically, there have been two main approaches to prepare tetramethylammonium fluoride: hydrofluoric acid neutralization of tetramethylammonium hydroxide, and salt metathesis between different ammonium salts and inorganic fluoride sources, such as KF or CsF. [1]
In chemistry, a salt or ionic compound is a chemical compound consisting of an assembly of positively charged ions and negatively charged ions , [1] which results in a compound with no net electric charge (electrically neutral).
Well-known types of reactions that involve inorganic compounds include: . Alkylation; Alkyne trimerisation; Alkyne metathesis; Aminolysis; Amination; Arylation; Barbier reaction; Beta-hydride elimination