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Hypopituitarism is the decreased (hypo) secretion of one or more of the eight hormones normally produced by the pituitary gland at the base of the brain. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] If there is decreased secretion of one specific pituitary hormone, the condition is known as selective hypopituitarism. [ 3 ]
Hyperpituitarism is a condition due to the primary hypersecretion of pituitary hormones; [3] [medical citation needed] it typically results from a pituitary adenoma.In children with hyperpituitarism, disruption of growth regulation is rare, either because of hormone hypersecretion or because of manifestations caused by local compression of the adenoma.
Hyperpituitarism, the increased (hyper) secretion of one or more of the hormones normally produced by the pituitary gland; Hypopituitarism, the decreased (hypo) secretion of one or more of the hormones normally produced by the pituitary gland; Panhypopituitarism a decreased secretion of most of the pituitary hormones; Pituitary tumours
Sheehan's syndrome, also known as postpartum pituitary gland necrosis, occurs when the pituitary gland is damaged due to significant blood loss and hypovolemic shock (ischemic necrosis) or stroke, originally described during or after childbirth leading to decreased functioning of the pituitary gland (hypopituitarism). [1]
Hypophysitis, inflammation of the pituitary gland.; Autoimmune hypophysitis (or lymphocytic hypophysitis), inflammation of the pituitary gland due to autoimmunity.; Nelson's syndrome, may occur after surgical removal of both adrenal glands, an out-dated method of treating Cushing's disease.
However, clinical, laboratory data, and imaging can all help with the diagnosis.[8] First and foremost, patients present with symptoms of hypopituitarism and must undergo pituitary hormone function evaluation. [1] Biopsy is the only means of accurate diagnosis as no autoantigen has been discovered.
After an episode of pituitary apoplexy, 80% of people develop hypopituitarism and require some form of hormone replacement therapy. [1] [2] The most common problem is growth hormone deficiency, which is often left untreated [1] [4] but may cause decreased muscle mass and strength, obesity and fatigue.
Hyperpituitarism is a disease of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland which is usually caused by a functional pituitary adenoma and results in hypersecretion of adenohypophyseal hormones such as growth hormone; prolactin; thyrotropin; luteinizing hormone; follicle-stimulating hormone; and adrenocorticotropic hormone. [citation needed]