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Universal numbering system. This is a dental practitioner view, so tooth number 1, the rear upper tooth on the patient's right, appears on the left of the chart. The Universal Numbering System, sometimes called the "American System", is a dental notation system commonly used in the United States. [1] [2]
FDI World Dental Federation notation (also "FDI notation" or "ISO 3950 notation") is the world's most commonly used dental notation (tooth numbering system). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is designated by the International Organization for Standardization as standard ISO 3950 "Dentistry — Designation system for teeth and areas of the oral cavity".
The Danish dentist Victor Haderup devised a variation of the Palmer notation where the (⏌⎿ ⏋⎾) symbols are replaced by plus/minus signs, which can either be placed in front or behind the number. [8] [9] A plus (+) indicates upper position while minus (−) indicates lower. When the sign is in front of the number, it indicates left while ...
The upper teeth are denoted I 1, I 2, C −, Pm 3, Pm 4, M 1, M 2, and M 3. Left or right has to be specified. The lower teeth are I 1, I 2, C −, Pm 3, Pm 4, M 1, M 2, and M 3. The reason the premolars are labeled 3 and 4 is that in earlier primates there were two other premolars between them and the canines. [5]
The dental professional explains the clinical significance of the recorded measurements and provides personalized recommendations for treatment or improvements in oral hygiene. This step is essential for enhancing patient awareness, promoting adherence to periodontal therapy, and supporting long-term oral health maintenance.
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Under Canadian federal law, the patient owns the information contained in a medical record, but the healthcare provider owns the records themselves. [29] The same is true for both nursing home and dental records. In cases where the provider is an employee of a clinic or hospital, it is the employer that has ownership of the records.