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In some simplified expositions, the monetary multiplier is presented as simply the reciprocal of the reserve ratio, if any, required by the central bank. More generally, the multiplier will depend on the preferences of households , the legal regulation and the business policies of commercial banks - factors which the central bank can influence ...
In economics, the Gini coefficient (/ ˈ dʒ iː n i / JEE-nee), also known as the Gini index or Gini ratio, is a measure of statistical dispersion intended to represent the income inequality, the wealth inequality, or the consumption inequality [2] within a nation or a social group.
The quadratic formula, which concisely expresses the solutions of all quadratic equations The Rubik's Cube group is a concrete application of group theory. [26] Algebra is the art of manipulating equations and formulas. Diophantus (3rd century) and al-Khwarizmi (9th century) were the two main precursors of algebra.
Arithmetic is closely related to number theory and some authors use the terms as synonyms. [8] However, in a more specific sense, number theory is restricted to the study of integers and focuses on their properties and relationships such as divisibility, factorization, and primality. [9] Traditionally, it is known as higher arithmetic. [10]
The number π (/ p aɪ /; spelled out as "pi") is a mathematical constant, approximately equal to 3.14159, that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.It appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics, and some of these formulae are commonly used for defining π, to avoid relying on the definition of the length of a curve.
Algebra is the branch of mathematics that studies certain abstract systems, known as algebraic structures, and the manipulation of expressions within those systems. It is a generalization of arithmetic that introduces variables and algebraic operations other than the standard arithmetic operations, such as addition and multiplication.
In fundamental physics, this mapping is often simplified by using the natural units of setting k to unity. This convention means that temperature and energy quantities have the same dimensions . [ 22 ] [ 23 ] In particular, the SI unit kelvin becomes superfluous, being defined in terms of joules as 1 K = 1.380 649 × 10 −23 J . [ 24 ]
Eratosthenes believed there was both good and bad in every nation and criticized Aristotle for arguing that humanity was divided into Greeks and barbarians, as well as for arguing that the Greeks should keep themselves racially pure. [12] As he aged, he contracted ophthalmia, becoming blind around 195 BC. Losing the ability to read and to ...