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The United Irishmen Rebellion of 1798 (which sought to end British rule in Ireland) failed, and the 1800 Act of Union merged the Kingdom of Ireland into a combined United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. [4] In the mid-19th century, the Great Famine (1845–1852) resulted in the death or emigration of over two million people. At the time ...
Map showing the British Empire in 1886 (before expansion in Africa) The Imperial Federation was a series of proposals in the late 19th and early 20th centuries to create a federal union to replace the existing British Empire, presenting it as an alternative to colonial imperialism.
The Acts of Union, which constitutionally made Ireland part of the British state, can largely be seen as an attempt to redress some of the grievances behind the 1798 rising [1] and to prevent it from destabilising Britain or providing a base for foreign invasion.
Gentlemanly capitalism is a theory of New Imperialism first put forward by P. J. Cain and A. G. Hopkins in the 1980s before being fully developed in their 1993 work, British Imperialism. [96] The theory posits that British imperialism was driven by the business interests of the City of London and landed interests.
Doing so forced the British government to pay closer attention to the state of Ireland and its people. In 1844, a future British prime minister, Benjamin Disraeli , defined the Irish question: That dense population in extreme distress inhabited an island where there was an established church which was not their church; and a territorial ...
Ireland during the period of 1536–1691 saw the first full conquest of the island by England and its colonisation with mostly Protestant settlers from Great Britain.This would eventually establish two central themes in future Irish history: subordination of the country to London-based governments and sectarian animosity between Catholics and Protestants.
In Britain, the era of new imperialism affected public attitudes toward the idea of imperialism itself. Most of the public believed that if imperialism was going to exist, it was best if Britain was the driving force behind it. [12] The same people further thought that British imperialism was a force for good in the world. [12]
While some authors take the view that a land bridge connecting Ireland to Great Britain still existed at that time, [8] more recent studies indicate that Ireland was separated from Britain by c. 14,000 BCE when the climate was still cold and local ice caps persisted in parts of the country. [9] The people remained hunter-gatherers until about ...