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Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestantism that identifies primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German friar and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practices of the Catholic Church launched the Reformation in 1517. [1]
A majority of Protestants [g] are members of a handful of Protestant denominational families; Adventists, Anabaptists, Anglicans/Episcopalians, Baptists, Calvinist/Reformed, [h] Lutherans, Methodists, Moravians, Plymouth Brethren, Presbyterians, and Quakers. [13]
The differences between the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) and the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod (LCMS) arise from theological, historical, and cultural factors. The LCMS was briefly in fellowship with the former The American Lutheran Church, one of the ELCA predecessor bodies from 1969 to the early 1980s.
The roots of 20th-century Lutheran High Church Movement are in 19th century neo-Lutheranism, confessional Lutheranism, Anglo-Catholicism, and the Liturgical Movement. The Lutheran high church movement has been much less significant than, for example, Anglo-Catholicism within the Anglican Communion.
Martin Luther – One of the first Protestant reformers in the 16th century, the term Lutheran was coined when Catholics labelled like-minded people Lutherans following the practice of naming a heresy after its leader in an attempt to discredit it. The Ninety-Five Theses (31 October 1517) – Martin Luther's list of complaints against the church.
Protestants likely formed a majority of Hungary's population at the close of the sixteenth century, but Counter-Reformation efforts in the seventeenth century reconverted a majority of the kingdom to Catholicism. [62] A significant Protestant minority remained, most of it adhering to the Calvinist faith.
Lutheran denominations are Protestant church bodies that identify, to a greater or lesser extent, with the theology of Martin Luther and with the writings contained in the Book of Concord. Most Lutheran denominations are affiliated with one or more regional, national, or international associations, the largest of which—the Lutheran World ...
Protestants (mainly Anabaptists), Catholics against Protestants (mainly Lutherans), Catholics mixed economic and religious reasons, war between peasants and Protestant/Catholic landowners The wars listed were the most severe in casualties; the remaining religious conflicts in Europe lasted for only a few years, a year, or less and/or were much ...