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Pharmacological cardioversion is an especially good option in patients with atrial fibrillation of recent onset. Drugs that are effective at maintaining normal rhythm after electric cardioversion can also be used for pharmacological cardioversion.
Procainamide (PCA) is a medication of the antiarrhythmic class used for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.It is a sodium channel blocker of cardiomyocytes; thus it is classified by the Vaughan Williams classification system as class Ia.
It starts by considering the range of pharmacological targets, and tracks these to their particular cellular electrophysiological effects. It retains but expands the original Vaughan Williams classes I to IV, respectively covering actions on Na+ current components, autonomic signalling, K + channel subspecies, and molecular targets related to ...
Electric cardioversion (a shock to your heart to restore its rhythm) Catheter ablation (a minimally invasive surgery to destroy the abnormal tissue in your heart) Heart Attack.
2021-5 Pharmacological and surgical interventions for the treatment of gastro ... 2024-6 External electrical and pharmacological cardioversion for atrial ...
Electrical cardioversion, on the other hand, uses an electrical pulse of energy delivered to the heart, that is synchronized with the fast rate to be delivered on the R-wave, which is the peak of the QRS complex; and this is done to try and avoid delivering it during a vulnerable period on the T wave, in which the electrical cardioversion could ...
Dronedarone has been termed a "multichannel blocker". [citation needed] However, it is unclear which channel(s) play a pivotal role in its success. [9]Thus, dronedarone's actions at the cellular level are controversial, with most studies suggesting an inhibition in multiple outward potassium currents including rapid delayed rectifier, slow delayed rectifier and ACh-activated inward rectifier. [10]
Illustration of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) An implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) or automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator (AICD) is a device implantable inside the body, able to perform defibrillation, and depending on the type, cardioversion and pacing of the heart.