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A low amount of thyroxine (one of the two thyroid hormones) in the blood, due to lack of dietary iodine to make it, gives rise to high levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), which stimulates the thyroid gland to increase many biochemical processes; the cellular growth and proliferation can result in the characteristic swelling or hyperplasia of the thyroid gland or goiter.
In 1811, Bernard Courtois discovered iodine was present in seaweed, and iodine intake was linked with goiter size in 1820 by Jean-Francois Coindet. [81] Gaspard Adolphe Chatin proposed in 1852 that endemic goiter was the result of not enough iodine intake, and Eugen Baumann demonstrated iodine in thyroid tissue in 1896. [81]
[6] [7] It is a supplement used by people with low dietary intake of iodine. [5] It is administered orally. [6] Common side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, rash, and swelling of the salivary glands. [6] Other side effects include allergic reactions, headache, goitre, and depression. [7]
Side effects may include allergic reactions, headache, vomiting, and conjunctivitis. [4] [1] Long term use may result in trouble sleeping and depression. [4] It should not typically be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding. [4] Lugol's iodine is a liquid made up of two parts potassium iodide for every one part elemental iodine in water. [8]
Allergies to povidone-iodine or shellfish do not affect the risk of side effects more than other allergies. [6] Use in the later part of pregnancy may cause hypothyroidism in the baby. [7] Iohexol is an iodinated non-ionic radiocontrast agent. [4] It is in the low osmolar family. [8] Iohexol was approved for medical use in 1985. [9]
Iodine is a chemical element with many uses in medicine, ... Common side effects when applied to the skin include irritation and discoloration. [2] ... At low doses ...
The word "cretinism" is an old term for the state of mental and physical retardation resulting from untreated congenital hypothyroidism, usually due to iodine deficiency from birth because of low iodine levels in the soil and local food sources. The term, like so many other 19th century medical terms, acquired pejorative connotations as it ...
It is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in areas of sufficient iodine. [10] Also, the rate of lymphocytic infiltration increased in areas where the iodine intake was once low, but increased due to iodine supplementation. [25] [120] Iodine deficiency disorder is combated using an increase in iodine in a person's diet. When a dramatic ...