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  2. Specific energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_energy

    Potential energy with respect to gravity, close to Earth, per unit mass: gh, where g is the acceleration due to gravity (standardized as ≈9.8 m/s 2) and h is the height above the reference level (giving J/kg when g is in m/s 2 and h is in m).

  3. Heat capacity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_capacity

    Professionals in construction, civil engineering, chemical engineering, and other technical disciplines, especially in the United States, may use the so-called English Engineering units, that include the pound (lb = 0.45359237 kg) as the unit of mass, the degree Fahrenheit or Rankine (⁠ 5 / 9 ⁠ K, about 0.55556 K) as the unit of temperature ...

  4. Specific heat capacity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_heat_capacity

    The specific heat capacities of iron, granite, and hydrogen gas are about 449 J⋅kg −1 ⋅K −1, 790 J⋅kg −1 ⋅K −1, and 14300 J⋅kg −1 ⋅K −1, respectively. [4] While the substance is undergoing a phase transition , such as melting or boiling, its specific heat capacity is technically undefined, because the heat goes into ...

  5. TNT equivalent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TNT_equivalent

    TNT equivalent is a convention for expressing energy, typically used to describe the energy released in an explosion.The ton of TNT is a unit of energy defined by convention to be 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie), [1] which is the approximate energy released in the detonation of a metric ton (1,000 kilograms) of TNT.

  6. Enthalpy of fusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enthalpy_of_fusion

    (2) 4.18 J/(g⋅K) × 20 K = 4.18 kJ/(kg⋅K) × 20 K = 83.6 kJ for 1 kg of water to increase in temperature by 20 K (1 + 2) 333.55 kJ + 83.6 kJ = 417.15 kJ for 1 kg of ice to increase in temperature by 20 K; Silicon has a heat of fusion of 50.21 kJ/mol. 50 kW of power can supply the energy required to melt about 100 kg of silicon in one hour ...

  7. Heat - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat

    In thermodynamics, heat is energy in transfer between a thermodynamic system and its surroundings by modes other than thermodynamic work and transfer of matter. Such modes are microscopic, mainly thermal conduction, radiation, and friction, as distinct from the macroscopic modes, thermodynamic work and transfer of matter. [1]

  8. Temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature

    Temperature is a physical quantity that quantitatively expresses the attribute of hotness or coldness. Temperature is measured with a thermometer.It reflects the average kinetic energy of the vibrating and colliding atoms making up a substance.

  9. List of unusual units of measurement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unusual_units_of...

    This was an official unit of measurement in South Africa until the 1970s, and was defined in November 2007 by the South African Law Society as having a conversion factor of 1 morgen = 0.856 532 hectares. [28] This unit of measure was also used in the Dutch colonial province of New Netherland (later New York and parts of New England). [29] [30]