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Irregular, non-geometric, planning is a strong feature of the design of many types of Chinese and indeed Japanese gardens, though less so in others, such as grand imperial palace gardens. Sharawadgi was defined in the 1980s as an "artful irregularity in garden design and, more recently, in town planning". [3]
The Chinese garden is a landscape garden style which has evolved over three thousand years. It includes both the vast gardens of the Chinese emperors and members of the imperial family, built for pleasure and to impress, and the more intimate gardens created by scholars, poets, former government officials, soldiers and merchants, made for reflection and escape from the outside world.
The design of the classic Chinese garden is based on the ideology of "Nature and Man in One", as opposed to the home itself, which shows the human sphere co-existing with, but separate from nature. The intent is that people feel surrounded by, and in harmony with, nature. The two essential garden elements are stones and water.
The New York Chinese Scholar's Garden 寄興園 in Staten Island, New York; Lan Su Chinese Garden in Portland, Oregon; Liu Fang Yuan 流芳園 or the Garden of Flowing Fragrance, Chinese Garden at the Huntington Library in San Marino, California; Seattle Chinese Garden in Seattle, Washington; The Astor Court in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in ...
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Today, there are 69 preserved gardens in Suzhou, [4] and all of them are designated as protected "National Heritage Sites." [ 5 ] In 1997 and 2000, eight of the finest gardens in Suzhou along with one in the nearby ancient town of Tongli were selected by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site to represent the art of Suzhou-style classical gardens.
An 1889 printed depiction of Daguanyuan. The Daguanyuan (simplified Chinese: 大观园; traditional Chinese: 大觀園; pinyin: Dàguānyuán), variously translated as the Grand View Garden, Prospect Garden or Grand Prospect Garden, is a massive landscaped interior garden in the classic 18th century Chinese novel Dream of the Red Chamber, built within the compounds of the Rongguo Mansion.
To have longevity is to live among mountains and water; it is to live with nature, to live like an immortal being (Xian). The garden evokes a healthy lifestyle that makes one immortal, free from the problems of civilization. Thus, Chinese landscape is known as Shan (mountain) and Shui (water). Symbolism is a key element of Chinese garden design.